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Innovation Collection (#17)

Background imageInnovation Collection: Alfred Nobel, Swedish chemist and inventor

Alfred Nobel, Swedish chemist and inventor. In 1866 Swedish chemist and industrialist Nobel (1833-1896) invented a safe and manageable form of nitroglycerine he called dynamite

Background imageInnovation Collection: Alessandro Voltas wet pile battery, 1800

Alessandro Voltas wet pile battery, 1800
Alessandro Voltas wet pile or battery, 1800. Italian physicist Volta (1745-1827) was the inventor of the voltaic pile, an early battery and the first source of current electricity

Background imageInnovation Collection: Thomas Saverys steam pump or the miners friend, 1702 (1726)

Thomas Saverys steam pump or the miners friend, 1702 (1726). Saverys steam powered pump was used for draining water out of mines. From Lexicon Technicum, by John Harris, 1726

Background imageInnovation Collection: Design for a pendulum clock, 1673

Design for a pendulum clock, 1673. Note the cycloidal pendulum with cheeks (fig.II). In 1657 Christiaan Huygens began work on developing Galileos work on the pendulum

Background imageInnovation Collection: Booklet of instructions for a Fantascope, 1833. Artist: Thomas Mann Baynes

Booklet of instructions for a Fantascope, 1833. Artist: Thomas Mann Baynes
Booklet of instructions for a Fantascope, 1833. The Fantascope or Phenakistoscope was an optical toy depending on persistence of vision for its effect

Background imageInnovation Collection: Steam engine by James Watt, 1915

Steam engine by James Watt, 1915. Watt (1736-1819), Scottish engineer and inventor, greatly improved the efficiency of the steam engine by inventing the separate condenser

Background imageInnovation Collection: Six early forms of bicycle, c1870

Six early forms of bicycle, c1870. 19th century hobby horses, fore-runners of the bicycles, including the Dandy Horse, Gompertzs velocipede, the Dublin velocipede and the Bone-Shaker

Background imageInnovation Collection: PSS Great Eastern on the ocean, 1858

PSS Great Eastern on the ocean, 1858. Colour print after a painting by Edwin Weedon. This steamship, designed by Isambard Kingdom Brunel with John Scott Russell

Background imageInnovation Collection: Camera obscura, 1646

Camera obscura, 1646. A double camera obscura, rather out of scale, showing an image of a man burning in Hell. The image was produced by light from a lamp which travelled down the lens

Background imageInnovation Collection: Astronaut on Shuttle mission 41-C, 1984

Astronaut on Shuttle mission 41-C, 1984. Shuttle astronaut with Solar Maximum Satellite in the hold of the Space Shuttle Challenger

Background imageInnovation Collection: Space Shuttle Orbiter mounted on top of a Boeing 747 carrier aircraft, 1977

Space Shuttle Orbiter mounted on top of a Boeing 747 carrier aircraft, 1977. The Shuttle Orbiter is often transported this way from landing site to launch site

Background imageInnovation Collection: Space Shuttle Columbia on Earth, 1980s

Space Shuttle Columbia on Earth, 1980s. Rear of Columbia, at Kennedy Space Centre, Cape Canaveral, Florida, USA, showing Space Shuttle Main Engines (SSME)

Background imageInnovation Collection: Hasselblad Lunar Surface Camera, 1969. Artist: Viktor Hasselblad AB

Hasselblad Lunar Surface Camera, 1969. Artist: Viktor Hasselblad AB
Hasselblad Lunar Surface Camera, 1969. This camera, a modified Hasselblad SWC, was used on the Apollo moon landing missions

Background imageInnovation Collection: The Britannia Tubular Bridge, Menai Strait, Wales, c1850

The Britannia Tubular Bridge, Menai Strait, Wales, c1850. The Britannia Tubular Bridge with the Menai Suspension Bridge, a road bridge of 1826, in the background

Background imageInnovation Collection: La Pharmacie Rustique, c1775. Artist: Barthelemi Hubner

La Pharmacie Rustique, c1775. Artist: Barthelemi Hubner
La Pharmacie Rustique, c1775. After a painting done in 1774 by G Locher, the composition shows a visit to a country chemist

Background imageInnovation Collection: Hospital ward, Scutari, Turkey, 1856. Artist: E Walker

Hospital ward, Scutari, Turkey, 1856. Artist: E Walker
Hospital ward, Scutari, Turkey, 1856. Clean, light and airy ward at the Barracks Hospital in Scutari, (Uskudar), Marmara, Turkey

Background imageInnovation Collection: Galileo Galilei, 1623

Galileo Galilei, 1623. Portrait of the astronomer Galileo, with a beard and fur collar, shown within an oval frame with Italian text

Background imageInnovation Collection: For Milk and Cheese, c1845. Artist: Benjamin Waterhouse Hawkins

For Milk and Cheese, c1845. Artist: Benjamin Waterhouse Hawkins
For Milk and Cheese, c1845. A milkmaid carries a yoke with milk churns, while her companion milks a goat. Plate from Graphic Illustrations of Animals - Showing Their Utility to Man

Background imageInnovation Collection: Garrett & Sons Double-Cylinder Steam Ploughing Engine and Tackle, c1862

Garrett & Sons Double-Cylinder Steam Ploughing Engine and Tackle, c1862. Men lay out a system of ropes or cords connected to a steam engine

Background imageInnovation Collection: Bells improved reaping machine by Crosskill, c1840s. Artist: Joseph Wilson Lowry

Bells improved reaping machine by Crosskill, c1840s. Artist: Joseph Wilson Lowry
Bells improved reaping machine by Crosskill, c1840s. A farmer operates the machine by guiding two horses behind which push the harvester forward

Background imageInnovation Collection: Fire in London, 1791. Artist: Thomas Rowlandson

Fire in London, 1791. Artist: Thomas Rowlandson
Fire in London, 1791. The building on fire was Albion Mills, a corn mill erected by Matthew Boulton at the foot of Blackfriars Bridge in 1786

Background imageInnovation Collection: Deployment of the Hubble Space Telescope, 1990

Deployment of the Hubble Space Telescope, 1990. The Hubble Space Telescope (HST) was put into orbit from the Space Shuttle Discovery, mission STS-31 on 24 April 1990

Background imageInnovation Collection: Drawing of Hubble Telescope, 1980s

Drawing of Hubble Telescope, 1980s. Artists impression of the exchange of information via Hubble, Tracking and Data Relay Satellites (TRDS) and ground stations

Background imageInnovation Collection: Hubble Space Telescope in orbit, 1980s

Hubble Space Telescope in orbit, 1980s. Artists impression of the Hubble Telescope in orbit over the earth. The Hubble Space Telescope (HST)

Background imageInnovation Collection: Testing the Hubble Space Telescope, 1980s

Testing the Hubble Space Telescope, 1980s. The telescope is shown being installed in an acoustic test cell. The Hubble Space Telescope (HST)

Background imageInnovation Collection: Polishing the mirror of the Hubble Telescope, 1980s

Polishing the mirror of the Hubble Telescope, 1980s. The Hubble Space Telescope (HST), was designed to see seven times further into space than had been possible before

Background imageInnovation Collection: X-ray image of sun, Skylab, 1970s

X-ray image of sun, Skylab, 1970s. This image shows a coronal hole. Skylab was launched on 14 May 1973 and was Americas first manned orbiting space station

Background imageInnovation Collection: False colour photograph of the sun and the moon, c1970s

False colour photograph of the sun and the moon, c1970s. Taken from the Skylab space station. Skylab was launched on 14 May 1973 and was Americas first manned orbiting space station

Background imageInnovation Collection: Large solar prominence in extreme ultraviolet light, 1973

Large solar prominence in extreme ultraviolet light, 1973. This picture taken by Skylab 4 on 19 Dec 1973, shows one of the most spectacular solar flares ever recorded

Background imageInnovation Collection: False colour image of a solar flare from Skylab, 1973

False colour image of a solar flare from Skylab, 1973. Skylab, Americas first space station launched on 14 May 1973, carried many scientific experiments

Background imageInnovation Collection: Stamp for breaking copper cupellation cakes for further refining, 1556

Stamp for breaking copper cupellation cakes for further refining, 1556. Powered by a water wheel through a drive shaft. From De re metallica by Georgius Agricola. (Basel, 1556)

Background imageInnovation Collection: Stamping and roasting ore to extract metal, 1556

Stamping and roasting ore to extract metal, 1556. This technique was used to extract lead, copper, silver and gold. The mill is powered by a water wheel

Background imageInnovation Collection: Two sugar mills, West Indies, 1764

Two sugar mills, West Indies, 1764. A mule-powered mill with vertical rollers (top) and one with vertical rollers powered by an overshot waterwheel (bottom) West Indies

Background imageInnovation Collection: Two horizontal water wheels, 1673

Two horizontal water wheels, 1673. The left-hand wheel with highly curved blades, an early form of turbine, was more efficient than the one with flat blades on the right

Background imageInnovation Collection: Women workers in a carpet factory, c1895

Women workers in a carpet factory, c1895. Electric lights with incandescent bulbs hang over each loom to supplement natural lighting and enable the working day to be extended

Background imageInnovation Collection: Boring the cylinder of the Britannia Press at the Bank Quay Foundry, Warrington, 1851

Boring the cylinder of the Britannia Press at the Bank Quay Foundry, Warrington, 1851. Boring the cylinder for the hydraulic press (lift)

Background imageInnovation Collection: Casting the cylinder of the Britannia Press at the Bank Quay Foundry, Warrington, 1851

Casting the cylinder of the Britannia Press at the Bank Quay Foundry, Warrington, 1851. Casting the cylinders for the hydraulic press (lift)

Background imageInnovation Collection: Casting a mortar at Grissells Regents Canal Ironworks, City Road, London, 1855

Casting a mortar at Grissells Regents Canal Ironworks, City Road, London, 1855. A Nasmyth safety ladle (invented 1838) is being used. From The Illustrated London News, December 29 1855

Background imageInnovation Collection: Matthew Boulton (1728-1809), English engineer and industrialist

Matthew Boulton (1728-1809), English engineer and industrialist
Matthew Boulton, English engineer and industrialist. Works owner Matthew Boulton (1728-1809) and Scottish engineer and inventor James Watt (1736-1819)

Background imageInnovation Collection: Galileos thermometer, 1592. Artist: Galileo Galilei

Galileos thermometer, 1592. Artist: Galileo Galilei
Galileos thermometer, 1592. A 1994 copy of the air thermometer made by Galileo Galilei, the celebrated Italian scientist. This was probably the first instrument made for the measurement of

Background imageInnovation Collection: First carriage, Ariel, 1843. Artist: W Walton

First carriage, Ariel, 1843. Artist: W Walton
First carriage, Ariel, 1843, showing a fictitious flight of William Hensons Aerial Steam Carriage over a city. Henson patented his Aerial Steam Carriage in 1842

Background imageInnovation Collection: Santorio Sanctorius, c1728

Santorio Sanctorius, c1728. Italian physician and the founder of quantitative measurement in medicine. Sanctorius was the first to use a thermometer to measure body temperature

Background imageInnovation Collection: Lord Kelvin and his compass, 1902. Artist: James Craig Annan

Lord Kelvin and his compass, 1902. Artist: James Craig Annan
Lord Kelvin and his compass, 1902. Kelvin was born William Thomson and was educated at Glasgow and Cambridge. He was professor of Natural Philosophy (Physics)

Background imageInnovation Collection: James Watt as a young man, c1769. Artist: James Scott

James Watt as a young man, c1769. Artist: James Scott
James Watt as a young man, c1769. Watt was a Scottish engineer and instrument maker who invented the modern steam engine which became the main source of power in Britains textile mills

Background imageInnovation Collection: Orville Wright, 1903

Orville Wright, 1903. American aviation pioneer, Wright and his brother Wilbur originally designed and built bicycles but changed their interest to flying, producing a controllable glider by 1902

Background imageInnovation Collection: John Dollond, optician, c1750. Artist: Posselwhite

John Dollond, optician, c1750. Artist: Posselwhite
John Dollond, optician, c1750. Pictured with a book with an overhanging leaf with ther word Opticks on it. Dolland became known for his invention of the achromatic lens

Background imageInnovation Collection: Jacquard power loom, 1915

Jacquard power loom, 1915. In 1801 the Frenchman Joseph-Marie Jacquard (1752-1834) invented a method of weaving intricate patterns by encoding them on punched cards

Background imageInnovation Collection: The Grand Saloon on board the Great Eastern, 1859

The Grand Saloon on board the Great Eastern, 1859. Designed by Isambard Kingdom Brunel with John Scott Russell, the Great Eastern was lauched in 1858



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