Innovation Collection (page 13)

Abel Pifres solar-powered printing press, c1894 ([c1927). This used Augustin Mouchots solar engine in which a mirror focused the Suns rays onto a small boiler (patented in 1861)

The Progress of Steam. A View in Regents Park, 1831, 1828. Steam-powered coaches, horses, tricycles, including one with body like a teapot

Whitby harbour, Yorkshire, at the mouth of the river Esk, c1833. The old drawbridge, separating the upper and lower harbours, which was raised to let sailing vessels pass

Pound lock, 1664. The vessel has entered the pound from the lower level on the left, the gate has been closed behind it and water is being allowed to flow through the gate on the right

French physicist Denis Papins, steamboat being wrecked, 1707 (1870)
French physicist Denis Papin s, steamboat being wrecked, 1707 (1870). The boatmen on the river Weser saw the boat powered by Papins (1647-1712)

Galileo demonstrating his telescope, Venice, 1609 (1870). In this artists reconstruction Galileo Galilei (1564-1642), Italian astronomer, mathematician and physicist

Denis Papin, French physicist, 1870. In 1675, Papin (1647-1712) went to London where he worked with Robert Boyle and invented the forerunner to the pressure cooker, the steam digester

French soldiers using film of a cavalry charge for rifle practice, 1912. From Le Petit Journal. (Paris, 30 June 1912)

Milking parlour equipped with Thistle suction and pulsation milking machine, 1899. Devised by Dr Alexander Shields of Glasgow, Scotland, in 1895

Dispatch vessel HMS Iris, c1880. Launched in 1877, this was the first steel ship built for the British Admiralty. She was constructed of steel made by the Siemens-Martin process at Landore Siemens

Universal joint invented by Robert Hooke, 1676. Hooke (1635-1703) devised this joint to allow directional movement of astronomical instruments. From A Description of Helioscopes by Robert Hooke

Joseph Lister, English surgeon, on his ward round in Glasgow Royal Infirmary, c1867 (1927). A pioneer of antiseptic surgery

Samuel Finley Breese Morse, American artist and inventor, 1873. Morse (1791-1872) was the inventor of the first functional electric telegraph (1835) and, with Alexander Bain (1810-1977)

Advertisement for Ediswan incandescent light bulbs, 1898. The Ediswan brand was the result of a merging of the interests of the two pioneers of electric light bulbs

Raising water by means of a shaduf, China, 1825-1835. The shaduf was invented in ancient times and is a simple device with a bucket attached by a rope to one end of a shaft and, in this version

The Military Accelerator - Particularly Recommended to Cavalry Officers, c1820. Cartoon showing a suggested use for the Hobby-Horse or Dandy-Horse which was introduced into the British Isles in 1818

Mr Punch thanking Marconi for wireless telegraphy which was saving lives at sea, 1913. Artist: Leonard Raven-Hill
Mr Punch thanking Marconi for wireless telegraphy which was saving lives at sea, 1913. Marconi (1874-1937) discovered a way in which waves could be used to send messages from one place to another

Guglielmo Marconi, Italian physicist and inventor and pioneer of wireless telegraphy, 1906. Marconi (1874-1937) discovered a way in which waves could be used to send messages from one place to

Replica of Marconis first transmitter used in his early experiments in Italy, 1894. Guglielmo Marconi (1874-1937), an Italian physicist and inventor

A General Display of Arts and Sciences, 1790. Artist: Reynolds Grignion
A General Display of Arts and Sciences, 1790. At first glance it seems that ancient science and technology is depicted, but a closer look shows not only Pythagoras (6th century BC)

Advertisement for Kodak cameras, 1893. This advertisement carries the famous slogan You press the button, we do the rest. From 1888 the Kodak box camera took Eastmans coated paper roll film

Rail mounted coal cutting machine, 1864. This was powered by compressed air produced by a steam engine at the pithead

Claude Chappe demonstrating his optical telegraph (semaphore) system in 1793 (c1870). Chappes (1763-1805) system was in use in France and French colonies until about 1850

Leclanche wet cell, an early storage battery, 1896. Invented by the French engineer Georges Leclanche (1839-1882), this was an early form of the zinc carbon (dry cell) battery

Leclanche wet cell, an early storage battery, 1887. Invented by the French engineer Georges Leclanche (1839-1882), this was an early form of the zinc carbon (dry cell) battery

Voltaic battery (pile), 1887. A battery of the type invented by Italian physicist Alessandro Volta (1745-1827). It consists of a disc of zinc, a disc of copper, a disc of cloth moistened with acid

Leclanche wet cell, an early storage battery, 20th century. Invented by the French engineer Georges Leclanche (1839-1882), this was an early form of the zinc carbon (dry cell) battery

Spectroscopic apparatus used by Robert Wilhelm Bunsen and Gustav Robert Kirchhoff, c1895
Spectroscopic apparatus used by Robert Wilhelm Bunsen (1811-1899) and Gustav Robert Kirchhoff (1824-1887). Discovered Spectrum Analysis (1859)

Weighing with a steelyard, 1547. Artist: Gaultherius Rivius
Weighing with a steelyard, 1547. From Gaultherus Rivius Architecture Mathematischen Kunst, Nuremberg

Petrol-driven car by Benz & Co. capable of 16 km per hour, c1890s
Petrol-driven car by Benz & Co. capable of 16 km per hour. Karl Benz made his first four-wheeled prototype in 1891, and by 1895 he was building a range of four-wheeled vehicles that were light

First lockstitch sewing machine, invented by Elias Howe, c19th century
The first lockstitch sewing machine, patented by American inventor Elias Howe in 1846

Woman using sewing machine patented by Elias Howe [c1878]
Woman using sewing machine patented by Elias Howe. [c1878]. Howe, an American inventor (1819-1867), patented the first lock-stitch sewing machine in 1846. From Adams Illustrated Panorama of History

First lock-stitch sewing machine, [1915]. Constructed in 1845 by American inventor Elias Howe (1819-1867). From a cigarette card. (1915)

Dmitiri Ivanovich Mendeleyev (1834-1907), Russian chemist, c1900s
Dmitiri Ivanovich Mendeleyev (1834-1907), Russian chemist, c.1900s. Famous for arranging the 63 known elements into a Periodic Table based on Atomic Mass

Reverse of medal commemorating 50 years of cinematography by the Lumiere brothers, 1945. August (1862-1954) and Louis Lumiere (1864-1948), French chemists and pioneers of cinematography, 1945

Obverse of medal commemorating 50 years of cinematography by the Lumiere brothers, 1945. August (1862-1954) and Louis Lumiere (1864-1948), French chemists and pioneers of cinematography

Louis Jean Lumiere (1864-1948), pioneer of cinematography, c1935
Louis Jean Lumiere (1864-1948), French chemist and pioneer of cinematography, c1935. Collaborated with his elder brother, Auguste. From obverse of commemorative plaquette

Etienne Jules Marey (1830-1903), French physiologist, 19th century. Pioneer of cinematography. From reverse of commemorative plaquette showing Marey at his desk

Etienne Jules Marey (1830-1903), with cine camera, 1903
Etienne Jules Marey (1830-1903), French physiologist, with cine camera, 1903. Top: Chambre chrono-photographique, the first cine-camera, is used to study movement of creatures in aquarium

Opening of the 1851 London to Paris telegraph link (1852)
Opening of the 1851 London to Paris telegraph link. Instrument room at the Submarine Telegraph Company, Cornhill, London, showing the Wheatstone needle telegraph instruments

Arthur Stanley Eddington (1882-1944), British astronomer and physicist, c1934
Arthur Stanley Eddington (1882-1944), British astronomer, physicist and mathematician.. Supporter and promoter of Einsteins theories of Relativity, c1934

James Clerk Maxwell (1831-1879), Scottish theoretical physicist, 1882
James Clerk Maxwell (1831-1879). Scottish theoretical physicist. From Campbell & Garnett The Life of James Clerk Maxwell, 1882

James Clerk Maxwells (1831-1879) comparison apparatus, 1880
James Clerk Maxwells (1831-1879) apparatus for the comparison of electrostatic and electromagnetic units, 1880. From A Physical Treatise on Electricity and Magnetism by JEH Gordon, (London, 1880)

Hermann von Helmholtz (1821-1894), German physicist and physiologist, 1894
Hermann Helmholtz (1821-1894). German physicist and physiologist, inventor of the Opthalmascope. Seen here giving a lecture on 7 July 1894 shortly before his death

Thomas Young (1773-1829), Thin films illustrated by soap bubble, 1872
Thin films illustrated by a soap bubble. Surface tension of soapy water allows bubbles to form. Thomas Young (1773-1829) used his Wave (Undulatory) theory of light to explain colours of thin films

Charles Wheatstone (1802-1875), British physicist, 19th century
Charles Wheatstone (1802-1875), British physicist. Pioneer in electrical resistances. Along with partner William Cooke, responsible for the invention of the electric telegraph, 19th century

William Cooke and Charles Wheatstones five-needle telegraph, patented 1837, (19th century)
William Cooke (1806-1879) and Charles Wheatstones (1802-1875) five-needle telegraph. Patented 1837, installed 1839, (19th century)

Diagram of William Cooke and Charles Wheatstones five-needle telegraph, 1837, (19th century)
Diagram of William Cooke (1806-1879) and Charles Wheatstones (1802-1875) five-needle telegraph. Patented 1837, installed 1839, (19th century)

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