Images Dated 4th August 2005 (page 27)

Roller bridge or inclined plane for transferring vessels from one level of a canal to another, 1737. Inclined planes were a cheaper alternative to locks in the building of canals

Athanor or Slow Harry, a self-feeding furnace maintaining a constant temperature, 1683. This plate displays the Athanor and side chambers (5, 5) for reagents in separate parts

Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte du Buffon, 18th century French naturalist, c1830. Artist: Delpech
Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte du Buffon, 18th century French naturalist, c1830. Author of the encyclopedic 44-volume Histoire Naturelle

Alexander Graham Bell, Scottish born American inventor, c1880. Bell (1847-1922) produced the first intelligible telephone transmission on 5 June 1875

Thomas Pennant, 18th century British naturalist and traveller, c1840. Pennant (1726-1798) is sitting by a tree holding a book representing his British Zoology 1766

Webbs chemical factory, Diglis, Worcestershire, 1869. The tall building to right behind chimney contains Gay-Lussacs lead chambers for the production of sulphuric acid (Oil of Vitriol or H2SO4)

Isaac Newton, English mathematician and physicist, 1836. Artist: William Thomas Fry
Isaac Newton, English mathematician and physicist, 1836. Newtons (1642-1727) discoveries were prolific and exerted a huge influence on science and thought

Stourport-on-Severn, Worcestershire, from below the bridge, c1795. Artist: Samuel Ireland
Stourport-on-Severn, Worcestershire, from below the bridge, c1795. On the left is a Severn Trow which was the type of sailing vessel that carried cargo on the River Severn

London & South Western Railway (LSWR) Locomotive No 148, Colne with its tender, c1880. This 2-4-0 steam locomotive was built as the Somerset & Dorset Railway No 12 by G England & Co in London in 1863

The Royal Greenwich Observatory, Flamsteed House, Greenwich Park, London, c1835. The observatory was built by Christopher Wren (1632-1723)

Planchette or ouija board, 1885. Method of using the planchette for spirit writing during a seance. From The Scientific American. (New York, 1885)

Trade card for Sunlight Soap, c1900. Artist: Tom Browne
Trade card for Sunlight Soap, c1900. A little girl carries a shopping basket of Sunlight Soap home through the snow. The message is purity, whiteness and less labour

The Hare (Lepus europaeus), 1828. In colder parts of its range this rodent develops a white winter coat as a camouflage in snowy conditions

Stoat (Mustela erminea), member of the weasel family, 1828. The stoat in its white winter coat with black tail tip (the source of the fur Ermine), of animals in the colder parts of its range (Asia)

Franz Joseph Gall, German physician and founder of Phrenology, c1820. Artist: Delpech
Franz Joseph Gall, German physician and founder of Phrenology, c1820. Phrenology was a theory, propounded by Gall (1758-1828) in around 1800

Joseph Lister, English surgeon and pioneer of antiseptic surgery, c1890. Lister (1827-1912) pioneered the use of antiseptics in surgery

Joseph Lister, English surgeon and pioneer of antiseptic surgery, c1877. Lister (1827-1912) pioneered the use of antiseptics in surgery

Joseph Lister, English surgeon and pioneer of antiseptic surgery, c1855
Josph Lister, English surgeon and pioneer of antiseptic surgery, c1855. Lister (1827-1912) pioneered the use of antiseptics in surgery

Samuel Finley Breese Morse, American artist and inventor, 1896
Samuel Finley Breese Morse, American artist and inventor, 1873. Morse (1791-1872) was the inventor of the first functional electric telegraph (1835) and, with Alexander Bain (1810-1977)

Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac, French physicist and chemist, 19th century. Gay-Lussac (1778-1850) made balloon ascents to investigate terrestrial magnetism and composition

Henry Peter Brougham, 1st Baron Brougham and Vaux, Scottish lawyer and politician, 1833. Artist: H Robinson
Henry Peter Brougham, 1st Baron Brougham and Vaux, Scottish lawyer and politician, 1833. Brougham (1778-1868) defended Queen Caroline at her trial in 1820

Dudgrove double lock above Lechlade, Thames and Severn Canal, 1814. Artist: William Bernard Cooke
Dudgrove double lock above Lechlade, Thames and Severn Canal, 1814. Dudgrove, about 3/4 mile from the Thames, was the second pound lock on the canal from where it connected with the river

Guglielmo Marconi and David Sarnoff, 1933. Guglielmo Marconi (1874-1937) Italian radio pioneer, right, and David Sarnoff (1891-1971)

Pierre Gassendi, French philosopher and scientist, 17th century. Artist: Claude Mellan
Pierre Gassendi, French philosopher and scientist, 17th century. Appointed professor of mathematics at the College Royal, Paris, in 1645

Henry Peter Brougham, 1st Baron Brougham and Vaux, Scottish lawyer and politician, c1820. Brougham (1778-1868) defended Queen Caroline at her trial in 1820

Woman and children coal putters, Mid and East Lothian, Scotland, c1848. The woman pulls the heavy coal truck wearing a harness while the children push from behind

Suspension bridge over the Conwy estuary, Wales, c1840. Artist: Newman & Co
Suspension bridge over the Conwy estuary, Wales, c1840. View along the roadway entering Conwy. One of the earliest iron suspension bridges

Benjamin Franklin, American scientist, inventor and statesman, late 18th century. Franklin (1706-1790) was a member of the committee which drafted the Declaration of Independence in 1776

Benjamin Franklin, American scientist, inventor and statesman, 1806. Franklin (1706-1790) was a member of the committee which drafted the Declaration of Independence in 1776

Benjamin Franklin, American scientist, inventor and statesman, late 18th century. Franklin (1706-1790) was a member of the committee which drafted the Declaration of Independence in 1776

Benjamin Franklin, 18th century American scientist, inventor and statesman, 1835
Benjamin Franklin, 18th century American scientist, inventor and statesman, [1835]. Franklin (1706-1790) was a member of the committee which drafted the Declaration of Independence in 1776

Enrico Fermi, Italian-born American nuclear physicist, c1938. Fermi (1901-1954) constructed the first working nuclear reactor, in a squash court at the University of Chicago in 1942

Titus Salt, British woolstapler and industrialist, c1880. Salt (1803-1876) discovered a method of blending alpaca wool with cotton and silk

Erasmus Darwin, English physician and naturalist, 1795. Darwin (1731-1802) practiced medicine at Lichfield for 20 years from 1757

Experiment to calculate the speed of sound in air, Paris, 1822 (1873). Artist: Amedee Guillemin
Experiment to calculate the speed of sound in air, Paris, 1822 (1873). In 1822 the French appointed a commission to find the speed of sound in air

Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac, French chemist, physicist and balloonist, c1870. Gay-Lussac (1778-1850) investigated the behaviour of gases and developed techniques of chemical analysis

Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac, French chemist and physicist, c1895. Gay-Lussac (1778-1850) investigated the behaviour of gases and developed techniques of chemical analysis

Thomas Alva Edison, American inventor, with an early hand-driven model of his phonograph, 1878. Edison (1847-1931) was a prolific inventor who registered over 1000 patents

Thomas Alva Edison, American inventor, with his first dynamo for producing electric light, 1880s. Edison (1847-1931) was a prolific inventor who registered over 1000 patents

Joseph Priestley, English chemist and Presbyterian minister, 1835
Joseph Priestley, English non-conformist minister and chemist, 1835. Priestley (1733-1804) was a pioneer in the study of gases and is recognised as one of the discoverers of oxygen

Joseph Priestley, English chemist and Presbyterian minister, 19th century. Priestley (1733-1804) was a pioneer in the study of gases and is recognised as one of the discoverers of oxygen

Workers at Nobel Explosives Company Limited, Ardeer, Ayrshire, 1884. 2: gate to Danger Department, with searcher on duty. 3: laboratory. 4: stores

Darwins study at Down House, his home near Beckenham, Kent, 1883. Darwin (1809-1882) was employed as naturalist on HMS Beagle from 1831-1836

Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac, French chemist and physicist, c1860. Gay-Lussac (1778-1850) investigated the behaviour of gases and developed techniques of chemical analysis

Workers at Nobel Explosives Company Limited, Ardeer, Ayrshire, 1884. Top: women packing dynamite cartridges into boxes. Bottom: nitroglycerine washing house

Thomas Young (1773-1829), physicist and Egyptologist, 19th century
Thomas Young (1773-1829), English physicist and Egyptologist. Discovered the undulatory (wave) theory of light. Managed to decipher the Rosetta Stone

Spectroscopic apparatus used by Robert Wilhelm Bunsen and Gustav Robert Kirchhoff, c1895. Bunsen (1811-1899) and Kirchhoffs (1824-1887) development of spectral analysis (1859)

Jules Verne (1828-1905), De la Terre a la Lune, 1865
Jules Verne (1828-1905) De la Terre a la Lune, 1865. A train of space capsules on their way to the Moon

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