Pioneer Collection (page 13)

Hippocrates of Cos, Ancient Greek physician. Hippocrates (c460-377 BC) is known as the father of medicine. Portrait bust, from the Louvre, Paris

Anton van Leeuwenhoek (1632-1723), Dutch microscopist, c1810. Artist: John Chapman
Anton van Leewenhoek (1632-1723) Dutch microscopist, c1810. It was probably as a result of his use of lenses in examining cloth as a drapers apprentice that led to Leeuwenhoeks interest in lens

John Alcock (1892-1919), British aviator, 1914. Alcock and Arthur Whitten Brown made the first non-stop transatlantic flight on 14 June 1919, for which they shared a £ 10

Biplane Glider of Octave Chanute, c1896 (1910)
Biplane Glider of Octave Chanute c1896 (1910). French-born American engineer Chanute (1832-1910) and his team began experiments with gliders, including this example, in 1896

William Hensons Aerial Steam Carriage of 1843 (1910). Henson (1805-1888) and his partner John Stringfellow (1799-1883) managed to get a model of this steam-powered flying machine airborne

Fowls of a Feather Flock together; a group of aeronauts, c1785
Fowls of a Feather Flock together ; a group of aeronauts, c1785. The Italian balloonist Vincenzo Lunardi (centre) in Edinburgh for his ascent of 5th October 1785

Vincenzo Lunardi, Italian aeronaut, c1785. Artist: John Kay
Vincenzo Lunardi, Italian aeronaut, 1785. Lunardi made the first hydrogen balloon ascent in Britain, at Moorfields, London, on 15th September 1784

Antoinette monoplane of French aviator Hubert Latham, c1910
Antoinette monoplane of French aviator Hubert Latham, (1883-1912), c1910. In 1909 Latham made two unsuccessful attempts in his Antoinette to become the first to fly across the English Channel

Hubert Latham attempting to fly his Antoinette monoplane across the English Channel, 1909. Hubert Latham (1883-1912), French aviator

Aders flying bird Eole ( Aole ), 1890 (c1910)
Aders flying bird Eole ( Aole ). This aeroplane was designed by the French aviation pioneer Clement Ader (1841-1925). It was steam-powered

Santos-Dumont making the first powered plane flight in Europe, Paris, 1906
Brazilian aviation pioneer Alberto Santos-Dumont (1873-1932) flying his 14-Bis aeroplane, powered by an Antoinette engine, in the Bois du Boulogne, Paris, in 1906

Alberto Santos-Dumont (1873-1932) Brazilian aeronaut, unsuccessful attempt at the Deutsch Prize
Alberto Santos-Dumont (1873-1932) Brazilian aeronaut, dirigibles and aeroplanes. Santos-Dumont coming to grief in his airship on roof of house in Quai de Passy, Paris

Samuel Franklin Cody (1862-1913), American-born British aviation pioneer. Kite flying instructor to British army. Cody box kite. Died in flying accident

Orville Wright (1871-1948), American aeronautical pioneer, younger of the Wright brothers

Graham White (left) and RT Gates, British pioneer aviators

Graham White, British pioneer aviator, c1910

Louis Bleriot (right) 1872-1936, French aviator and the French air ace Adolphe Pegoud
Louis Bleriot (right) 1872-1936, French aviator and first man to cross English Channel in an airplane, July 1909. With him is the French air ace Adolphe Pegoud who was killed during World War I

Albert, Comte de Dion, French engineer, 1899. Together with George Bouton, de Dion (1855-1946) developed a lightweight engine which could be applied to motorcycles

Alberto Santos-Dumont, Brazilian aviation pioneer, 1901. Artist: George Hum
Alberto Santos-Dumont, Brazilian aviation pioneer, 1901. Santos-Dumont (1873-1932) made his first flight in the balloon Brasil in 1898, and later that year his second balloon, America

Anton van Leeuwenhoek, Dutch pioneer of microscopy, 1723. Artist: Abraham de Blois
Anton van Leeuwenhoek, Dutch pioneer of microscopy, c1660. It was probably as a result of his use of lenses in examining cloth as a drapers apprentice that led to Leeuwenhoeks interest in lens

Wilbur Wrights first flight in Europe at the Hanaudieres racetrack near Le Mans, France, 1908
Wilbur Wrights (American aviator) first flight in Europe, at the Hanaudieres racetrack near Le Mans, France in the Wright Brothers Flyer

Wright Brothers biplane Flier, 1910
Wright Brothers biplane Flier, used fuel injection, Card published 1910

Louis Bleriot (1872-1936), French aviator, flying over the cliffs at Dover, 1909
Louis Bleriot (1872-1936), French aviator, flying over the cliffs at Dover after crossing the English Channel from Les Boraques near Calais, France, in his monoplane Bleriot XI on 25 July 1909

Henson and Stringfellows 1843 design for steam-powered flying machine, 1843
Henson and Stringfellows 1843 design for steam-powered flying machine. Webbed tail 15.24m, and beneath it a rudder. Steam engine in car drove two set of vanes (pink objecs) 6.09m diameter

First ascent of Mongolfier hot air balloon, 21 November 1783. From chromolithgotraph postcard published c1910

Wilbur and Orville Wright and the first powered flight, North Carolina, December 17 1903
Wilbur and Orville Wright and the first powered flight, Kitty Hawk, North Carolina, December 17 1903. Photograph ACKNOWLEDGEMENT must be made to The Smithsonian Institution

Iron bridge across the Severn at Ironbridge, Coalbrookdale, England, built 1779 (1795). Artist: Samuel Ireland
Abraham Darby IIIs iron bridge across the Severn at Ironbridge, Coalbrookdale, England. First iron bridge in world, built between 1776 and 1779

Bronze bust of the archaeologist Sir Arthur Evans, 20th century
Bronze bust of Sir Arthur Evans (8 July 1851 - 11 July 1941), who excavated the Minoan palace at Knossos, in the west courtyard of Knossos

Werner von Braun, German born rocket pioneer, 1944. Perfected and launched V2 rockets, September 1944. Surrendered to Americans with his team. Was also behind the American Explorer I in 1958

Opening of wireless telegraph link between Paris and Casablanca, 1907
Opening of wireless telegraph link between Paris and Casablanca, showing men whose work made it possible, Edouard Branly (1844-1940) and Guglielmo Marconi (1874-1937)

Inflation of Charles and the Robert brothers hydrogen balloon, 1783 (c1807). Jean and Noel Robert helping Jacques Charles (1746-1823)

Joseph Wilson Swan, c1880
Joseph Wilson Swan, English chemist and physicist, c1880. Swan (1828-1914), pioneer of electric lighting and inventor of bromide photographic paper

Ferdinand Magellan, 16th century Portugese navigator, 1868. Magellan (c1480-1521) led the first expedition to cirumnavigate the globe

John Dee, English Alchemist, Geographer and Mathematician, c1590 (18th century)
John Dee, English Alchemist, Geographer and Mathematician, c1590. Copperplate engraving, 18th century

Guglielmo Marconi (1874-1937), Italian physicist and radio pioneer
Guglielmo Marconi, Italian physicist and radio pioneer. Marconi with typical apparatus, including 10-inch induction coil spark transmitter (right), morse inker and grasshopper key in centre

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