Physics Collection (page 4)

Michael Faraday lecturing at the Royal Institution, London, 1835 (20th century). Faraday (1791-1867) was one of the greatest scientists of the 19th century

Sir Isaac Newton under the apple tree, (20th century). Newton under the apple tree where, according to popular legend, a falling apple prompted him to devise his theory of gravity

Galileo Galilei, Italian physicist, astronomer, and philosopher, (20th century). One of the greatest scientists of all time

Professor John Tyndall, Irish natural philosopher, c1890. Artist: Cassell, Petter & Galpin
Professor John Tyndall, Irish natural philosopher, c1890. Tyndall (1820-1893) was appointed Professor of Natural Philosophy at the Royal Institution

Sir Isaac Newtons house, London, (20th century). Newtons (1642-1727) house on the corner of Orange and St Martins Streets was pulled down in 1914

John Tyndall, DCL, LLD, FRS, Professor of Natural Philosophy at the Royal Institution, 1877. Artist: Lock & Whitfield
John Tyndall, DCL, LLD, FRS, Professor of Natural Philosophy at the Royal Institution, 1877. From Men of Mark: a gallery of contemporary portraits of men distinguished in the Senate, the Church

John Napier, Scottish mathematician, physicist, astronomer and astrologer, (1870). Artist:s Freeman
John Napier, Scottish mathematician, physicist, astronomer and astrologer, (1870). Napier (1550-1617) is most remembered as the inventor of logarithms and the calculation tool known as Napiers Bones

Joseph Black, Scottish physicist and chemist, (1870). Artist: J Rogers
Joseph Black, Scottish physicist and chemist, (1870). Black (1728-1799) was the first to isolate carbon dioxide in a pure state. His work also helped discredit the theory of the theory of phlogiston

Sir James Dewar, Scottish chemist and physicist, (c1924). In 1891, James Dewar (1842-1923) discovered a process to produce liquid oxygen in industrial quantities

Lord Kelvin, Irish-Scottish mathematical physicist and engineer, (c1924). Kelvin (1824-1907) was a leader in the physical sciences of the 19th century

Pierre Curie, French physicist, (c1924). Pierre Curie (1859-1906) was a pioneer in the study of crystallography, magnetism, piezoelectricity and radioactivity

Benjamin Franklin, political figure and statesmen of the United States, (early 20th century). Artist: Gordon Ross
Benjamin Franklin, political figure and statesmen of the United States, (early 20th century). Franklin (1706-1790) was a member of the committee which drafted the Declaration of Independence in 1776

Electrical Experiment, 1777. Artist: Amedee van Loo
Electrical Experiment, 1777. Found in the collection of the State Museum Arkhangelskoye Estate, Moscow

Pneumatic Experiment, 1777. Artist: Amedee van Loo
Pneumatic Experiment, 1777. Found in the collection of the State Museum Arkhangelskoye Estate, Moscow

Pierre Gassendi, French philosopher, scientist, astronomer, and mathematician, 17th century. Artist: Claude Mellan
Pierre Gassendi, French philosopher, scientist, astronomer, and mathematician, 17th century. Appointed professor of mathematics at the College Royal, Paris, in 1645

Karl Friedrich Gauss, German mathematician, astronomer and physicist, 1840. Artist: Christian Albrecht Jensen
Karl Friedrich Gauss, German mathematician, astronomer and physicist, 1840. Born in Brunswick, Gauss (1777-1855) founded the modern form of complex analysis

Dmitri Mendeleev, Russian chemist, c1880-c1882. Artist: Andrei Osipovich Karelin
Dmitri Mendeleev, Russian chemist, c1880-c1882. One of the greatest figures in the history of chemistry, Mendeleev (1834-1907)

Radium treatment to cure a nasal infection, France, c1947-1951
Radium treatment to cure a nasal infection, France, 20th century. Part of the Marshall Plan mercy mission. The Marshall Plan was a massive programme of US aid for the reconstruction of Europe after

Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac, 19th century French chemist and physicist, (1900). Gay-Lussac (1778-1850) made balloon ascents to investigate terrestrial magnetism and the composition

Sir David Brewster, 19th century Scottish scientist, inventor and writer. Artist: DJ Pound
Sir David Brewster, 19th century Scottish scientist, inventor and writer. In 1816 Brewster (1781-1868) invented the kaleidoscope

Sir Charles Wheatstone, British inventor, (1899). Artist: C Cook
Sir Charles Wheatstone, British inventor, (1899). Wheatstone (1802-1875) was a pioneer of electric telegraphy. In 1837, he and William Fothergill Cooke patented their five-needle telegraph machine

Furnaces, 1678. Artist: Athanasius Kircher
Furnaces, 1678. A print from Mundus subterraneus, by Athanasius Kircher, Amsterdam, 1678. Kircher?s Mundus Subterraneus marks the first serious effort to describe the physical makeup of the earth

Sir Isaac Newton, 1774. Artist: William Sharp
Sir Isaac Newton, 1774. Isaac Newton (1642-1727), English mathematician, astronomer and physicist. Newtons discoveries were prolific and exerted a huge influence on science and thought

Electricity demonstration, London, 1766, (c1900). Jesse Ramsden demonstrating his electrostatic machine. French advertising card for Liebig Meat Extract

James Dewar, Scottish chemist and physicist in his laboratory, c1890. In 1872 Dewar (1842-1923) invented the vacuum flask, one of which hs is shown holding

Karl Friederich Gauss, German mathematician, astronomer and physicist. Born in Brunswick, Gauss (1777-1855) founded the modern form of complex analysis

John Tyndall, Irish-born British physicist and populariser of science, c1880. Tyndall (1820-1893) was appointed Professor of Natural Philosophy at the Royal Institution

Decoration design for a fete, 1918. Artist: Kazimir Malevich
Decoration design for a fete, 1918

Design for the Speakers Rostrum, 1919. Artist: Kazimir Malevich
Design for the Speakers Rostrum, 1919

Hermann Ludwig Ferdinand von Helmholtz, c1900
Hermann Ludwig Ferdinand von Helmholtz, German physicist and physiologist, c1900. The inventor of the opthalmoscope (1850)

Hermann Ludwig Ferdinand von Helmholtz, German physicist and physiologist, 1907. The inventor of the opthalmoscope (1850)

Wilhelm Konrad von Rontgen, German physicist, 1902. In 1895, while professor of physics at Wurzburg, (Rontgen (1845-1913) discovered X-rays, originally called Rontgen rays

Lavoisiers investigation of the existence of oxygen in the air, late 18th century, (1894). French chemist Antoine Lavoisiers (1743-1794) experiment to demonstrate the existence of oxygen

Rumfords calorimeter, 1887. During his work in determining the efficiency of different fuels the Anglo-American scientist Benjamin Thompson, Count Rumford (1753-1814)

Use of the magnetic compass in map making, 1643. Diagram of the use of the compass by cartographers and surveyors. Bor (Borealis) is north and Aust (Australis) is south

Thomas Alva Edison at Menlo Park, late 1880s. Edison (1847-1931), American physicist and inventor in his laboratory at Menlo Park, New Jersey

Thomas Alva Edison, American physicist and inventor, 1929. Obverse of a medal celebrating the 50th anniversary of Edisons (1847-1931) invention of the incandescent lamp in 1879

John Hall Gladstone, English chemist, 1891. Artist: Spy
John Hall Gladstone, English chemist, 1891. Gladstone (1827-1902) became the first President of the Physical Society in 1874, and served as President of the Chemical Society from 1877-1879

John Leslie, Scottish natural philosopher and physicist, 19th century. Leslie (1766-1832) invented a number of scientific instruments and in 1810 created artificial ice

Rene-Antoine Ferchault de Reamur, 18th century French physicist, 1874. Ferchault de Reamur (1683-1757) is shown constructing a thermometer using spirit instead of mercury

Henri Becquerel, French physicist, c1890s. Artist: Nadar
Henri Becquerel, French physicist, c1890s. In 1896 Becquerel (1852-1908) discovered that uranium, when placed on a sealed, light-tight photographic plate, exposed the plate

Michael Faraday, English chemist and physicist, 1842. Artist: Thomas Phillips
Michael Faraday, English chemist and physicist, 1842. Faraday (1791-1867) was one of the greatest scientists of the 19th century

Torricellis demonstration of the effect of atmospheric pressure on a column of liquid, 1643 (1873)
Evangelista Torricellis demonstration of the effect of atmospheric pressure on a column of liquid, 1643 (1873). Torricelli (1608-1647), Italian physicist and mathematician

Evangelista Torricelli, Italian physicist, inventing the mercury barometer, 1643 (1873)
Evangelista Torricelli, Italian physicist and mathematician, inventing the mercury barometer, 1643 (1873). Torricelli (1608-1647)

Von Guerickes water barometer, 1672. Fig I: details of parts; Fig II: complete barometer; Fig III: apparatus for the investigation of the weight of air; Fig IV: details of indicator

Blaise Pascal, 17th century French mathematician, physicist and religious philosopher, 1878. Pascal (1623-1662) carrying out experiments with a mercury barometer on the tower of St

Experimental barometers used by the Accademia dell Cimento, Florence, Italy, 1691. Closed tube with mercury (left) and double water barometer (right)

Gustav Kirchhoff, Robert Bunsen and Henry Roscoe, scientists, c1860. Left to right: Gustav Robert Kirchhoff (1824-1887), German physicist; Robert Wilhelm Eberhard von Bunsen (1811-1899)

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