Industrial Revolution Collection (page 8)

Watts First Experiment, 18th century, (c1870). Artist: Herbert Bourne
Watts First Experiment, 18th century, (c1870). James Watt (1736-1819) Scottish engineer, as a boy experimenting with the tea-kettle at the dining table of his childhood home at Greenock

The Tale of a Tea-kettle, 1844. Artist: Ebenezer Landells
The Tale of a Tea-kettle, 1844. James Watt as a boy watching the kettle boiling in the fire. Watt (1736-1819), Scottish engineer and inventor, was born at Greenock on the Clyde, Scotland

James Watts workshop at Heathfield Hall, Birmingham, 1886. It had not been disturbed since his death in 1819. Watt (1736-1819), Scottish engineer and inventor, was born at Greenock on the Clyde

James Watt, Scottish engineer and inventor, 1881. Watt (1736-1819) was born at Greenock on the Clyde, Scotland, and showed an interest in engineering and invention from an early age

James Watt, Scottish engineer and inventor, 1870. Watt (1736-1819) was born at Greenock on the Clyde, Scotland, and showed an interest in engineering and invention from an early age

James Watt, Scottish engineer and inventor, 1876. Watt (1736-1819) was born at Greenock on the Clyde, Scotland, and showed an interest in engineering and invention from an early age

Birthplace of James Watt shortly before it was demolished, 1887. Watt (1736-1819), Scottish engineer and inventor, was born at Greenock on the Clyde, Scotland

Hayle St Ives in the distance, c1860. Scene on the West Cornwall Railway, later part of the Great Western Railway (GWR). The boom time for the harbour

Joseph-Marie Jacquard, French inventor, 1880. Jacquard (1752-1834), inventor of the punched card loom being attacked by the silk weavers of Lyon who were afraid his invention would put them out of

Cross section of a Newcomen-type steam engine attributed to Jean-Rodolphe Perronet, 1767. After training as an architect and working as a civil engineer

Newcomen-type steam engine attributed to Jean-Rodolphe Perronet, 1767. After training as an architect and working as a civil engineer

William Jessop, British civil engineer, c1860. Jessop (1745-1814) is particularly well known for his work on canals, harbours and early railways in the late 18th and early 19th centuries

The Wear above Sunderland Iron Bridge, c1829. Artist: R Francis
The Wear above Sunderland Iron Bridge, c1829. The Wear was an important waterway for exporting the coal and chemical and industrial products of the area

Double inclined plane for moving tub boats from one level to another on a canal, 1796. Boats were lowered on rails and counterbalanced by a tub containing water

Inclined planes for use on canals, 1796. Top: double inclined plane. Middle: upper works of a single inclined plane. Bottom: upper works of a medium inclined plane powered by a water wheel

Inclined plane powered by water wheel in used on a canal, 1796
Inclined plane powered by water wheel in use on a canal, 1796. The inclined plane was used to transfer vessels, in this case tub boats

Titus Salt, British woolstapler and industrialist, c1880. Salt (1803-1876) discovered a method of blending alpaca wool with cotton and silk

Blast furnaces for production of iron at Coalbrookdale, Shropshire, c1830. Artist: HW Bond
Blast furnaces for production of iron at Coalbrookdale, Shropshire, c1830. This scene is on the river Severn a few miles from Ironbridge

Joseph Black visiting James Watt in his Glasgow workshop, c1760 (c1879). Artists impression of Joseph Black (1729-1799), Scottish chemist, visiting James Watt (1736-1819)

Horse hauling a barge on the Regents Canal at Park Village East, London, 1829. Artist: W Radcliff
Horse hauling a barge on the Regents Canal at Park Village East, London, 1829. The Regents Canal, connecting the Paddington Canal and the Thames at Limehouse, was opened in 1820

Dudgrove double lock above Lechlade, Thames and Severn Canal, 1814. Artist: William Bernard Cooke
Dudgrove double lock above Lechlade, Thames and Severn Canal, 1814. Dudgrove, about 3/4 mile from the Thames, was the second pound lock on the canal from where it connected with the river

Facade of Lime Street Station, Liverpool, 1838. This was one of the stations on the worlds first passenger railway, the Liverpool and Manchester Railway, which opened on 15 September 1830

James Watts prototype steam engine Old Bess, c1778. Scottish engineer and inventor Watt (1736-1819) formed a successful partnership with the entrepreneur Matthew Boulton in 1775

Barge crossing the Barton aqueduct over the Irwell, Salford, Greater Manchester, c1794. Artist: Robert Pollard
Barge crossing the Barton aqueduct over the Irwell, Salford, Greater Manchester, c1794. Financed largely by Francis Egerton, Duke of Bridgewater (1736-1803)

Needle-making equipment, 1819. The large machine at bottom right is George Priors dry grinder with a box partly enclosing the grindstone to minimise dust (1813)

View of Sunderland and the Iron Bridge looking eastwards, 1833. This single span cast iron bridge over the Wear at Wearmouth, Sunderland, was opened in 1796

Pithead at Hebburn Colliery, Newcastle-upon-Tyne area, 1860. The engine house (left) provides power for the winding gear (centre) which is raising baskets (corves)

Woman and boy drawing a corve containing 3-4 cwt of coal, Bolton, Lancashire, 1848. The woman wears a harness around her waist, passing between her legs and attached to a sledge by a chain

Boy putter drawing a truck containing coal along a 24 inch high seam, Halifax, Yorkshire, 1848
Boy putter drawing a truck containing 2 1/4 cwt of coal along a 24 inch high seam, Halifax, Yorkshire, 1848. This illustrates the hardship of conditions underground in the British coal industry in

Woman and children coal putters, Mid and East Lothian, Scotland, 1848. Artist: J Christie
Woman and children coal putters, Mid and East Lothian, Scotland, 1848. From A Treatise on the Winning and Working of Collieries by Matthias Dunn. (Newcastle-upon-Tyne, 1848)

Boy putters moving coal in a narrow seam, Lancashire, England, 1848. From A Treatise on the Winning and Working of Collieries by Matthias Dunn. (Newcastle-upon-Tyne, 1848)

Coal mining: sending baskets (corves) of coal to the surface of a mine, 1852. From The Wonders of Home by Grandfather Grey. (London, 1852)

Woman putter dragging a sledge of coal along a narrow seam, South Wales, c1848

Boy pushing a truck loaded with coal from the coal face to the bottom of the pit shaft, c1848. On the right of the picture squats a smaller boy, the trapper

Crinan Canal at Lochgilphead, Scotland, 1891. Opened in 1801, the Crinan Canal linked Loch Fyne to the Atlantic. It was designed by the Scottish civil engineer John Rennie (1761-1821)

Alfred Krupp, German industrialist and armaments manufacturer, 1886. In 1826, aged only 14, Alfred Krupp (1812-1887) took over the steel-making factory founded by his father Friedrich

Birmingham viewed from the south showing smoking chimneys, c1860. A small manufacturing town until the 18th century, Birmingham was one of the most important centres of the Industrial Revolution in

Steam hammer being used in an ironworks, France, 1867

Barthelemy Thimonnier, 19th century French inventor, [1907]. Thimmonier (1793-1857) patented the first sewing machine to be put into practical use, in Paris in 1830

Cook and Wheatstones 5-needle telegraph, 1837 (1915). The 5-needle telegraph was the first successful electric telecommunication device and was patented by Charles Wheatstone and William Cooke

Gas lighting, 1814. Fig. 1: Samuel Cleggs (1781-1861) gas apparatus (1808). Fig. 7: B Cooks gas apparatus. Figs 8&9: Furnace for producing tar as a gas by-product. From Encyclopaedia Londinensis

Joseph Marie Jacquard, showing his loom to Lazare Carnot, Lyon, France, 1801 (1901). French silk-weaver and inventor Jacquard (1752-1834)

Ventilation shaft in Kilsby Tunnel, Northamptonshire, London & Birmingham Railway, 1839. Artist: John Cooke Bourne
Ventilation shaft in Kilsby Tunnel, Northamptonshire, London & Birmingham Railway, 1839. Robert Stephenson (1803-1859) was appointed chief engineer of the London & Birmingham Railway (LBR)

Thames Tunnel, c1830. The Thames Tunnel from Rotherhithe to Wapping was the most remarkable undertaking by the engineer and inventor Sir Marc Isambard Brunel (1769-1849)

Josiah Wedgwood, 18th century English industrialist and potter, c1880. Wedgwood (1730-1795) is credited with the industrialisation of pottery manufacture at his factories

Steam engine by James Watt, 1915. Watt (1736-1819), Scottish engineer and inventor, greatly improved the efficiency of the steam engine by inventing the separate condenser

Nant-y-Glow Iron Works, Monmouthshire, Wales, c1780, (c1830). This shows the works by moonlight. The buildings on the left are probably puddling furnaces, those on the right blast furnaces

London going out of Town - or The March of Bricks and Mortar, 1829. Artist: George Cruikshank
London going out of Town - or The March of Bricks and Mortar, 1829. The expansion of London, showing the eating up of green field sites and the impact of pollution from the city and from brickworks

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