Arithmetic Collection (page 9)

Blaise Pascal, 17th century French philosopher, mathematician, physicist and theologian, c1830. Artist: Henry Meyer
Blaise Pascal, 17th century French philosopher, mathematician, physicist and theologian, c1830. Credited with founding the modern theory of probability

Euclid, Ancient Greek mathematician, demonstrating to his students, 1806. Artist: James Basire II
Euclid, Ancient Greek mathematician, demonstrating to his students, 1806. Euclids (fl300 BC) main achievements in mathematics were in the field of geometry. Frontispiece of Euclids Opus Elementorum

Pierre de Fermat, 17th century French mathematician, 1870. Fermats (1601-1665) contributions to mathematics include the founding of analytic geometry

Pythagoras, Ancient Greek mathematician and philosopher, 6th century BC. Portrait bust. As a philosopher, Pythagoras (c580-c500 BC) promoted the doctrine of the transmigration of souls

Johannes Kepler, German astronomer, early 17th century, (c1903). Kepler (1571-1630) went to Prague in 1600 to assist Tycho Brahe

Johannes Kepler, German astronomer, c1600, (c1870). Kepler (1571-1630) went to Prague in 1600 to assist Tycho Brahe. On Tychos death the following year

Kepler and Brahe at work together (c1600), c1870. German astronomer Johannes Kepler (1571-1630), left, with the Danish astronomer Tycho Brahe (1564-1601)

Robert Stawell Ball, British astronomer, mathematician, lecturer and populariser of science, 1905. Artist: Spy
Robert Stawell Ball, Irish-born British astronomer, mathematician, lecturer and populariser of science, 1905. Ball (1840-1913), Lord Rosses astronomer at Parsonstown, Ireland

James Jeans, English mathematician and physicist. Jeans (1877-1946) held the chair of applied mathematics at Princeton University (1905-1909), lectured at both Oxford and Cambridge

Ecole des Ponts-et-Chaussees, Paris, 1894. Civil engineering students at their studies in a classroom

Sir Isaac Newton, English scientist and mathematician, c1700. Artist: Jacobus Houbraken
Sir Isaac Newton, English scientist and mathematician, c1700. Newtons discoveries were prolific and exerted a huge influence on science and thought

Niccolo Tartaglia, Italian mathematician and mechanician, 1550s. Among the finest achievements of Tartaglia is his 1556 publication Trattato Generale

Counters and counting system, 16th century
Counters and counting system, from Munich, 16th century

The death of Archimedes at the capture of Syracuse by the Romans, 212 BC (late 19th century). Born in Syracuse on the island of Sicily

Isaac Newton (1642-1727), English mathematician, astronomer and physicist. Newtons discoveries were prolific and exerted a huge influence on science and thought

Title page of Quadrans Apiani by German mathematician and astronomer Peter Apian, 1532. The illustration shows his recently invented quadrant

Archimedes (c287-212 BC), Ancient Greek mathematician and inventor, 1866
Archimedes (c287-212 BC) Ancient Greek mathematician and inventor standing on earth. Four Greek elements, earth, air, fire, water and dome of fixed stars

Funeral of Francois Arago, French astronomer, physicist and politician, Paris, 5 October 1853. Dominique Francois Jean Arago (1786-1853) made important discoveries in the fields of astronomy

Dominique Francois Jean Arago (1786-1853), French astronomer, physicist and politician, 1886. Arago made important discoveries in the fields of astronomy, magnetism and optics

Peter Apian (1495-1552), German geographer, mathematician and astronomer. Apian established his reputation by issuing a world map in 1520, and the publication, in 1524

Experiment showing that prismatic colours cannot be split further, 1747. From Mathematical Elements of Natural Philosophy confirm d by Experiment by Jean Theophilus Desaguliers

Isaac Newtons prism experiment showing how sunlight is split into its separate colours, 1747. English physicist and mathematician Newton (1642-1727)

Plate showing diagram of the optics of a reflecting telescope (Fig 29), 1704. English physicist and mathematician Isaac Newton (1642-1727)

Jean Bernoulli, Swiss mathematician, c1750
Jean Bernoulli, Swiss mathematician, 1762. A member of the Swiss family of mathematicians, Bernoulli (1667-1748) worked on analysis, calculus, celestial mechanics and mechanics

Jean Bernoulli, Swiss mathematician, 1762. A member of the Swiss family of mathematicians, Bernoulli (1667-1748) worked on analysis, calculus, celestial mechanics and mechanics

The Eleventh Key of Basil Valentine, legendary 15th century German monk and alchemist, 1651
The eleventh key of Basil Valentine, legendary 15th century German monk and alchemist, 1651. Symbolising multiplication, two lions represent sulphur consumed by mercury being transformed

Isaac Newtons house, St Martins Street, Leicester Square, London, c1850. English physicist and mathematician Sir Isaac Newtons (1642-1727)

Archimedes in his bath, 1547. Sixteenth-century hand-coloured woodcut of the Greek mathematician and inventor (c287-212 BC)

Charles Babbages Difference Engine No 1, prototype calculating machine, 1824-1832. Artist: Joseph Clement
Charles Babbages Difference Engine No 1, prototype calculating machine, 1824-1832. English mathematician Charles Babbage (1791-1871)

Pythagoras, Greek mathematician, 1508. Pythagoras (right) using a counting table, competes against Boethius (Boece) using algorithms for speed at calculation

William Thomson, Lord Kelvin in 1869 (c1890). Kelvin (1824-1907) Irish-born Scottish mathematician and physicist

Isaac Newton, English mathematician, astronomer and physicist. Newtons (1642-1727) discoveries were prolific and exerted a huge influence on science and thought

The murder of Hypatia, neo-Platonic mathematician and philosopher, 415 (mid 19th century). Hypatia (c370-415) was murdered by followers of Cyril, Christian Patriarch of Alexandria

Isaac Newton, English scientist and mathematician, (1666) 1874. Newton (1642-1727) using a prism to separate white light into the colours of the spectrum

Plate from Opticks, by Isaac Newton, showing the splitting of light through prisms, 1704. English physicist and mathematician Newton (1642-1727)

Nicolas Copernicus, Polish astronomer, 1802
Nicolas Copernicus, Polish astronomer, 1645. Copernicus (1473-1543) is considered to be the father of modern astronomy and founder of heliocentric cosmology

Newton Investigating Light, c1879. English scientist and mathematician Isaac Newtons (1642-1727) discoveries were prolific and exerted a huge influence on science and thought

Title page of Newtons Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica, 1687. English scientist and mathematician Isaac Newtons (1642-1727)

Christiaan Huygens, Dutch physicist, mathematician and astronomer, 1762. Huygens made important contributions in several scientific fields

Christiaan Huygens (1629-1695), Dutch physicist, mathematician and astronomer, c1870. Huygens made important contributions in several scientific fields

Bernard Forest Belidor (1693-c1761), French military and civil engineer, 1737. Frontispiece from his Architecture Hydraulique (Paris, 1737)

Bernard de Fontenelle, 1728-1729. Artist: Bernard Picart
Bernard de Fontenelle, 1728-1729. A print from Oeuvres Diverses, La Haye, Gosse & Neaulme, Volume I, 1728-1729. Found in the collection of Jean-Claude Carriere

Ptolemy (Claudius of Ptolemaeus), Alexandrian Greek astronomer and geographer, 1618. Ptolemy (fl150 AD) is shown wearing a crown as he was often confused with the Ptolemaic kings of Egypt

Hypatia (c370-415), mathematician and neo-Platonic philosopher, mid 19th century. She was murdered by followers of Cyril, Patriarch of Alexandria

Andre-Marie Ampere (1775-1836), French mathematician and physicist, 19th century. Ampere established the laws and principles which related magnetism and electricity to each other

Street sign, Rue Ampere, Paris, France. Andre-Marie Ampere (1775-1836), French mathematician and physicist, established the laws and principles which related magnetism and electricity to each other

Herbert Stanley Allen (1873-1954), English mathematician and physicist

John Couch Adams (1819-92), English astronomer and mathematician, c1846. In 1845, in an attempt to resolve discrepancies in the predicted orbit of Uranus

All Professionally Made to Order for Quick Shipping