Scientist Collection (page 17)

Right Hon Lyon Playfair, CB, LLD, FRS, Scottish chemist and politician, 1877. Artist: Lock & Whitfield
Right Hon Lyon Playfair, CB, LLD, FRS, Scottish chemist and politician, 1877. From Men of Mark: a gallery of contemporary portraits of men distinguished in the Senate, the Church, in science

John Tyndall, DCL, LLD, FRS, Professor of Natural Philosophy at the Royal Institution, 1877. Artist: Lock & Whitfield
John Tyndall, DCL, LLD, FRS, Professor of Natural Philosophy at the Royal Institution, 1877. From Men of Mark: a gallery of contemporary portraits of men distinguished in the Senate, the Church

Sir Kenelm Digby, English scientist and diplomat (1825). Artist: R Cooper
Sir Kenelm Digby, English scientist and diplomat (1825). Digby (1603-1665) was a courtier, philosopher, diplomat and scientist during the reign of Charles I

Charles Darwin, renowned naturalist and thinker, (1900). Darwin (1809-1882) put forward the modern theory of evolution and proposed the principle of evolution by natural selection

John Napier, Scottish mathematician, physicist, astronomer and astrologer, (1870). Artist:s Freeman
John Napier, Scottish mathematician, physicist, astronomer and astrologer, (1870). Napier (1550-1617) is most remembered as the inventor of logarithms and the calculation tool known as Napiers Bones

Thomas Thomson, Scottish chemist, (1870). Artist: William Holl
Thomas Thomson, Scottish chemist, (1870). An engraving of Thomson (1773-1852) from Robert Chambers A Biographical Dictionary of Eminent Scotsmen, Blackie and Son, (Glasgow, Edinburgh, and London)

James Gregory, Scottish mathematician and astronomer, (1870). Artist: William Holl
James Gregory, Scottish mathematician and astronomer, (1870). In 1663 Gregory (1638-1675) published Optica Promota describing his design for a reflecting telescope

John Anderson, Scottish professor of natural philosophy, (1870). Artist: William Holl
John Anderson, Scottish professor of natural philosophy, (1870). An engraving of Anderson (1726-1796) from Robert Chambers A Biographical Dictionary of Eminent Scotsmen, Blackie and Son, (Glasgow)

Joseph Black, Scottish physicist and chemist, (1870). Artist: J Rogers
Joseph Black, Scottish physicist and chemist, (1870). Black (1728-1799) was the first to isolate carbon dioxide in a pure state. His work also helped discredit the theory of the theory of phlogiston

Marcellin Berthelot, French chemist and politician, 19th century. Portrait of Berthelot (1827-1907), whose discoveries in the field of synthesizing organic compounds discredited the notion that such

Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon, French naturalist, 18th century
Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon, French naturalist, mathematician, and biologist, 18th century. Portrait of Leclerc (1707-1788) with specimens from the natural world

Sir James Dewar, Scottish chemist and physicist, (c1924). In 1891, James Dewar (1842-1923) discovered a process to produce liquid oxygen in industrial quantities

Alberto Santos-Dumont, Brazilian pioneer of aviation, (c1924). Santos-Dumont (1873-1932) was an important early pioneer of aviation

Lord Kelvin, Irish-Scottish mathematical physicist and engineer, (c1924). Kelvin (1824-1907) was a leader in the physical sciences of the 19th century

George Constantinescu, Romanian scientist, engineer and inventor, (c1924). George (Gogu) Constantinescu (1881-1965) registered over 130 inventions during his scientific career

Karl Wilhelm Siemens, German engineer and pioneer of electrical power, (c1924). Siemens (also known as Charles William Siemens, 1823-1883) trained as a mechanical engineer

James Hall Nasmyth, Scottish engineer and inventor, (c1924). Nasmyth (sometimes spelled Nasmith, 1808-1890) was famous for his development of the steam hammer

James Henry Greathead, British engineer, (1934). Greathead (1844-1896) worked on the underground railway networks of London

Samuel Finley Breese Morse, American inventor, (1934). Morse (1791-1872) was a painter of portraits and historic scenes. It is disputed whether Morse had invented the electrical telegraph in 1837 as

Sir Frederick Handley Page, English industrialist, (c1924). Handley Page (1885-1962) pioneered the design and manufacture of aircraft

Pierre Curie, French physicist, (c1924). Pierre Curie (1859-1906) was a pioneer in the study of crystallography, magnetism, piezoelectricity and radioactivity

Cyrus Hall McCormick, Irish American farmer, inventor, businessman, and marketer, (c1924). McCormick (1809-1884) became famous as the inventor of the mechanical reaper in 1831

Sir Charles Algernon Parsons, Irish engineer, (c1924). Parsons (1854-1931) is best known for his invention of the steam turbine

William George Armstrong, English industrialist, (c1924). Armstrong (1810-1900) was the effective founder of the Armstrong Whitworth manufacturing empire

Sir Hiram Stevens Maxim, inventor of the Maxim Gun, (c1924). Hiram Stevens Maxim (1840-1916) invented the first portable, fully automatic machine gun in 1884

Guglielmo Marchese Marconi, Italian electrical engineer, (c1924). Marconi (1874-1937) is known for the development of a practical wireless telegraphy system

Louis-Jacques-Mande Daguerre, French artist and chemist, (c1924). Daguerre (1787-1851) is recognized for his invention of the Daguerreotype process of photography

Nevil Maskelyne, fifth British Astronomer Royal, (1815). Artist: Page
Nevil Maskelyne, fifth British Astronomer Royal, (1815). Maskelyne (1732-1811) was Astronomer Royal from 1765-1811. He was made a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1758

Benjamin Franklin, political figure and statesmen of the United States, (early 20th century). Artist: Gordon Ross
Benjamin Franklin, political figure and statesmen of the United States, (early 20th century). Franklin (1706-1790) was a member of the committee which drafted the Declaration of Independence in 1776

Michael Faraday, British scientist, c1880. Artist: DJ Pound
Michael Faraday, British scientist, c1880. Portrait of Faraday (1791-1867), published in a supplement to the Illustrated News of the World, London

Emanuel Swedenborg, Swedish philosopher, mystic and cosmologist, 1884. Artist: W Holl
Emanuel Swedenborg, Swedish philosopher, mystic and cosmologist, 1884. Swedenborg (1688-1772) wrote on various subjects, including algebra, navigation, astronomy and chemistry

Michael Faraday, British physicist and chemist, 1931. Faraday (1791-1867) was one of the greatest scientists of the 19th century

Philosopher with a book, a compass and goniometer, 1630. Artist: Ribera, Jose, de (1591-1652)
Philosopher with a book, a compass and goniometer, 1630. Found in the collection of State Hermitage, St. Petersburg

The Bookworm, c. 1850. Artist: Spitzweg, Carl (1808-1885)
The Bookworm, c. 1850. Found in the collection of the Kunstmuseum Liechtenstein

Electrical Experiment, 1777. Artist: Amedee van Loo
Electrical Experiment, 1777. Found in the collection of the State Museum Arkhangelskoye Estate, Moscow

Pneumatic Experiment, 1777. Artist: Amedee van Loo
Pneumatic Experiment, 1777. Found in the collection of the State Museum Arkhangelskoye Estate, Moscow

Archimedes, 18th century. Artist: Giuseppe Nogari
Archimedes, 18th century. Archimedes (c287-212 BC) was a Greek mathematician and inventor who discovered formulae for calculating areas and volumes of planes and solid figures

Gustav Theodor Fechner, German experimental psychologist, c1883-c1884. Fechner (1801-1887) was an early pioneer in experimental psychology

Nikolai Nikolaevich Miklukho-Maklai, Russian anthropologist, Queensland, Australia, c1880. An early supporter of the theories of Charles Darwin

Alexander von Humboldt, German author, naturalist and explorer, 1847. Artist: Hermann Biow
Alexander von Humboldt, German author, naturalist and explorer, 1847. Humboldts (1769-1859) interests included geophysics, geology and botany and he is sometimes called the founder of ecology

Charles Darwin, British naturalist, c1860s-c1870s. Artist: Ernst Hader
Charles Darwin, British naturalist, c1860s-c1870s. Darwin (1809-1882) started his career on board HMS Beagle and spent six years surveying the South American seas

Portrait of the Mathematican Leonhard Euler, (1707-1783), German painting of 18th century. Darbes, Joseph Friedrich August (1747-1810). Found in the collection of the State Tretyakov Gallery, Moscow

Jons Jakob Berzelius, Swedish chemist, 1830s. Berzelius (1779-1848) introduced modern chemical symbols. He discovered the elements selenium, thorium and cerium, and was first to isolate others

Pierre Gassendi, French philosopher, scientist, astronomer, and mathematician, 17th century. Artist: Claude Mellan
Pierre Gassendi, French philosopher, scientist, astronomer, and mathematician, 17th century. Appointed professor of mathematics at the College Royal, Paris, in 1645

Karl Friedrich Gauss, German mathematician, astronomer and physicist, 1840. Artist: Christian Albrecht Jensen
Karl Friedrich Gauss, German mathematician, astronomer and physicist, 1840. Born in Brunswick, Gauss (1777-1855) founded the modern form of complex analysis

Nicholas Miklouho-Maclay, Russian ethnologist, anthropologist and biologist, 1886. Miklouho-Maclay (1846-1888) was the first Russian anthropologist to refute the view that different races of humans

Dmitri Mendeleev, Russian chemist, c1880-c1882. Artist: Andrei Osipovich Karelin
Dmitri Mendeleev, Russian chemist, c1880-c1882. One of the greatest figures in the history of chemistry, Mendeleev (1834-1907)

A laboratory worker holds a separating funnel of oil, Dunkirk refinery, France, 1950s

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