Reformer Collection (page 4)

John Hall Gladstone, President of the Chemical Society, 1880. Artist: Lock & Whitfield
John Hall Gladstone, President of the Chemical Society, 1880. He lectured at St Thomass Hospital from 1850 to 1852. In 1853 he was elected a fellow of the Royal Society

John Knox, Scottish religious reformer, (1825). Artist: E Scriven
John Knox, Scottish religious reformer, (1825). Knox (c1514-1572) played the lead part in reforming the Church in Scotland in a Presbyterian manner

George Wishart, Scottish religious reformer and Protestant martyr, (1870). Artist:s Freeman
George Wishart, Scottish religious reformer and Protestant martyr, (1870). Wishart (c1513-1546) was tried before Cardinal Beaton and condemned to death

Martin Luther, German theologian and Augustinian monk, 19th century. Luther (1483-1546) was a major inspiration behind the Reformation

John Wycliffe, English theologian, 19th century. Artist: J Posselwhite
John Wycliffe, English theologian, 19th century. Wycliffe (c1330-1384) was a philosopher, religious reformer and a forerunner of the Protestant Reformation

William Wilberforce, English anti-slavery campaigner, 19th century. Artist: E Scriven
William Wilberforce, English philanthropist, evangelical Christian and anti-slavery campaigner, 19th century. Entering Parliament in 1780

John Knox, Scottish religious reformer, 19th century. Artist: B Holl
John Knox, Scottish religious reformer, 19th century. Knox (c1514-1572) played the lead part in reforming the Church in Scotland in a Presbyterian manner

Nikolay Ivanovich Turgenev, Russian author, c1860-c1864
Nikolay Ivanovich Turgenev, Russian economist and political theorist, c1860-c1864. A relative of the novelist Ivan Turgenev

Theodore Beza, French Protestant scholar and theologian, 16th century. Theodore Beza, or de Beze (1519-1605) was an important figure in the French reformation

Menno Simons, Dutch Anabaptist religious leader, (1854). Portrait of religious reformer Simons (1496-1561), from whom the religious body known as Mennonites takes its name

Ram Mohan Roy, founder of the Brahmo Samaj, 1828. Artist: Marlet et Cie
Ram Mohan Roy, founder of the Brahmo Samaj, 1828. Ram Mohan Roy, also written as Rammohun Roy, or Raja Ram Mohun Roy (1772-1833), was the founder of the Brahmo Samaj

William Wilberforce, philanthropist, evangelical Christian and anti-slavery campaigner, 1821
William Wilberforce, English philanthropist, evangelical Christian and anti-slavery campaigner, 1821. Entering Parliament in 1780

Elizabeth Fry, 1844. Artist: J Cochran
Elizabeth Fry, 1844. Elizabeth Fry was a Quaker minister and prison reformer, who was also famous for introducing more humane conditions for the voyage of convicts to New South Wales

Matthew Wood, 1820. Wood (1768-1843), English political and municipal reformer, was Lord Mayor of London 1815-1816 and 1816-1817

Nicholas Ridley, 16th century English Protestant reformer and martyr. Appointed Bishop of London in 1550, Ridley (c1500-1555)

Martin Luther, German Protestant reformer, 1522. Luther (1483-1546) was a major inspiration behind the Reformation. He was excommunicated by Pope Leo IX in 1521

Louis XII proclaimed Father of the People at the States General of Tours, 1506, c1819-c1861. Artist: Jean Louis Bezard
Louis XII proclaimed Father of the People at the States General of Tours, 14 May 1506, c1818-1861. Louis XII (1462-1515) became King of France in 1498

Martin Luther, German Protestant reformer, c1529. Artist: Lucas Cranach the Elder
Martin Luther, German Protestant reformer, c1529. Luther (1483-1546) was a major inspiration behind the Reformation. He was excommunicated by Pope Leo IX in 1521

Philipp Melanchthon, 16th century German Protestant reformer, 1836. Melanchthon (Schwarzerd) (1497-1560) was a friend of Martin Luther, after whose death he became leader of the German Reformation

George Wishart, 16th century Scottish Protestant reformer, c1860. Wishart, having been tried before Cardinal Beaton and condemned to death, being urged to deny his faith and accept Rome

Jeremy Bentham, English social reformer and philosopher. Bentham (1748-1832) established the doctrine of utilitarianism. He was also a founder of University College, London

Marquis de Condorcet (1743-1798), French Enlightenment philosopher and sociologist, 1874
Marie-Jean-Antoine-Nicolas de Caritat, Marquis de Condorcet (1743-1794), French Enlightenment philosopher and sociologist

Peter I, the Great (1672-1725), Tsar of Russia, cutting a Boyars (nobleman) beard. Peter became Tsar in 1682. He embarked on a campaign to modernise and Europeanise Russia, socially

Girolamo Savonarola (1452-1498) Italian political and religious reformer. A Dominican priest, Savonarola preached against what he perceived as the depravity of the times

Alexander II (1818-1881), Tsar of Russia from 1855, 1869. Artist: Coide
Alexander II (1818-1881), Tsar of Russia from 1855, c1880. Known as The Liberator, Alexander emancipated Russias serfs in 1861

Arthur Herbert Dyke Acland, English Liberal politician and educational reformer, c1890
Arthur Herbert Dyke Acland (1847-1926), English Liberal politician and educational reformer, c1890. Acland was instrumental in securing the raising of the compulsory education age of 11

Heinrich Bullinger (1504-1575), Swiss Protestant Reformation divine
Heinrich Bullinger (1504-1575) Swiss Protestant Reformation divine. Successor to Zwingli. Copperplate engraving

Theodore Beza, French religous reformer, c1600 (c1851)
Theodore Beza, French religous reformer and leading Calvinist, c1600 (c1851)

John Howard, English prison reformer, c1780 (c1880)
John Howard, English prison reformer, inspecting French galley prisoners at work. Howard League for Prison Reform named after him. Wood engraving c 1880

Title page of Luthers translation of the Old Testament, 1534
Title page of Luthers translation of the Old Testament from Hebrew into German, 1534. Martin Luther (1483-1546) German religious reformer

Jan Huss, heretical Bohemian theologian, 1866. Artist: Charles Joseph Staniland
Jan Hus, Bohemian religious reformer and theologian, 1493. Hus (1369-1415), shown here in prison, was burnt as a heretic at Constance for preaching the teachings of the English reformist clergyman

Lord Shaftesbury, English statesman, moral philosopher, philanthropist and factory reformer, c1880
Earl of Shaftesbury, English statesman, moral philosopher, philanthropist and factory reformer, c1880. Anthony Ashley Cooper

Henry Peter Brougham, Baron Brougham and Vaux, Scottish-born British jurist and politician. Brougham (1778-1868) defended Queen Caroline at her trial (1820)

George Wishart, 16th century Scottish reformer and martyr, mid 19th century. Wishart (c1513-1546) on his way to trial before Archbishop Beaton, giving his purse to a beggar

Martin Luther with reformers, c1530. Martin Luther (1483-1546) German Protestant reformer, left, with John Oecolampadius, John Frederick the Magnanimous

Martin Luther, c1830
Martin Luther (1481-1546), c1830, German Protestant reformer

Protestant theologians working on Luthers translation of the Bible, c1530s
Protestant theologians working on Luthers translation of the Bible. Left to Right: Philip Melancthon (1497-1560), Martin Luther (1483-1546)

Title page of Leo Xs Papal Bull, 1520. The Papal Bull excommunicated the German Protestant reformer Martin Luther

Statue of Philipp Melanchthon, Lutheran Cathedral, Helsinki, Finland, 2011. Artist: Sheldon Marshall
Statue of Philipp Melanchthon, Lutheran Cathedral, Helsinki, Finland, 2011. Melanchthon (1497-1560) was a German clergyman and theologian

Statue of Martin Luther, Lutheran Cathedral, Helsinki, Finland, 2011. Artist: Sheldon Marshall
Statue of Martin Luther, Lutheran Cathedral, Helsinki, Finland, 2011. Luther (1483-1546) was a major inspiration behind the Protestant Reformation

Statue of Mikael Agricola, Lutheran Cathedral, Helsinki, Finland, 2011. Artist: Sheldon Marshall
Statue of Mikael Agricola, Lutheran Cathedral, Helsinki, Finland, 2011. Mikael Agricola (1510-1557) was a Finnish clergyman who was an important figure in the Protestant Reformation in his country

Alfred the Great making a collection of Laws, 1773. Creator: Charles Grignion
Alfred the Great making a collection of Laws, 1773. Alfred the Great, King of the Anglo-Saxons c886-899, he improved the legal system, military structure, and general quality of life

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