Naturalist Collection (page 5)

John Ray, English naturalist, 1680s. Artist: Abraham de Blois
John Ray, English naturalist, 1680s. Illustrated plate from the 1703 edition of Methodus Pantarum Nova by John Ray, first published in 1682. Ray was a naturalist and the pioneer of plant taxonomy

Professor Sir Richard Owen, FRS, KCB, naturalist, 1873. Artist: Spy
Professor Sir Richard Owen, FRS, KCB, naturalist, 1873. Entitled Men of the Day, No 57: Old Bones, showing the naturalist and author Richard Owen, who attacked Darwins Origin of Species

Maria Sibylla Merian, German naturalist and flower painter. Artist: William Home Lizars
Maria Sibylla Merian, German naturalist and flower painter. Maria Sibylla Merian (1647-1717) distinguished herself with her illustrations of plants, insects and animals drawn from life

Peter Christian Asbjornsen (1812-1885), Norwegian folklorist and naturalist. Asbjornsen was employed as Inspector of Forests for Trondheim

Hans Sloane, English physician and naturalist, 1753
Hans Sloane, English physician and naturalist. Sloane (1660-1753) founded the Chelsea Physic Garden. He was Secretary to the Royal Society from 1693-1713 and donated his library of 50

Charles Darwin, English naturalist, 1874
Charles Darwin (1809-82) English naturalist. Cartoon, depicting Darwins head superimposed on an apes body, showing another ape its reflection in a mirror

Jean Lamarck, French naturalist. Lamarck (1744-1829) formulated the doctrine of Transformism (also known as Lamarckism), a theory of evolution which stated that acquired characteristics could be

George-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon, French naturalist, 18th century. Artist: Holl
George-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon, French naturalist, 18th century. Author of the encyclopedic 44-volume Histoire Naturelle, Buffon (1707-1778) proposed that the Earth existed before 4004 BC

Pierre Belon (1517-1564) French naturalist, 1553. Belon aged 36. In 1546-1549 Belon undertook an extensive scientific journey through Greece, the Middle East, Egypt and Arabia

John James Audobon (1780-1851), American ornithologist and artist, 1836. In this cartoon, Audobon has a beak for a nose, and his collar, epaulettes and headdress are made of feathers

Henry Walter Bates (1825-1892) English traveller and naturalist. Together with Alfred Russell Wallace, Bates set out to explore the Amazon in 1848

Ulisse Aldrovandi (1522-1605), Italian botanist, naturalist and physician, 1838. Aldrovandi published illustrated books on fishes, birds and insects

Louis Agassiz (1807-1873), Swiss-born American naturalist and glaciologist, 1874. Agassizs studies of glaciers in the Alps led him to be the first to propose the theory that the Earth had been

Michel Adanson (1727-1806), French botanist and naturalist, c1880. Adanson was an early (pre-Linnaeus) exponent of the classification of plants by natural orders

Charles Darwin, English naturalist. Darwin (1809-1882) as a young man. Darwin was employed as naturalist on HMS Beagle from 1831-1836

Richard Owen, British zoologist, 1873. Artist: Spy
Richard Owen, British zoologist, 1873. After qualifying and practising as a surgeon, Owen (1804-1892) made major contributions in the fields of anatomy and paleontology

Man is but a Worm, cartoon from Punch showing evolution from worm to man, 1881
Man is but a Worm, cartoon from Punch showing evolution from worm to man watched by Charles Darwin (1802-1882), London, 6 December 1881

Henry Walter Bates (1825-1892), English naturalist and traveller, 1892. Together with Alfred Russell Wallace, Bates set out to explore the Amazon in 1848

William Bartram (1739-1823), American naturalist, 1896. He was the son of the botanist John Bartram (1699-1777), regarded as the Father of American Botany

Karl Ernst von Baer (1792-1876), Estonian-born German naturalist and embryologist. He discovered the mammalian ovum (egg) in 1827

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