Machine Collection (page 27)

Smelting iron and hammering bars with a mechanical hammer, 1556. From De re metallica by Georgius Agricola. (Basel, 1556)

Reversible hoist for raising leather buckets from a mine shaft, 1556
Reversible hoist for raising leather buckets from a mine shaft powered by an overshot water wheel, 1556. A man in a hut at O opens and shuts water races to stop and start a double row of buckets

Crushing gold bearing ores in mills similar in principle to flour mills, 1556. At bottom left goats in a treadmill produce horizontal power which is transferred to a mill (A)

Steel production: a forge with bellows to produce draught, 1556. In the foreground bars are being hammered with a mechanical hammer

Printing office, c1600. On the left compositors are at work setting up text using letters from a case in front of them. In the centre background type is being inked ready to be printed on to paper in

A mine being drained by a rag-and-chain pump powered by an overshot water wheel, 1556. At the right of the image is a detail of section of pipe K. From De re metallica by Georgius Agricola

Buddings Grass-shearing Machine, c1832. The lawn mower (shearing machine) invented by Edwin Budding and manufactured by Ransomes of Ipswich

George and Edward Scheutzs calculating machine. Based on Babbages difference engine, it was developed between 1837 and 1843. Purchased for Dudley Observatory, Albany, New York

Cover of Genius Rewarded, or the History of the Singer Sewing Machine, 1880. American inventor and manufacturer Isaac Merritt Singer (1811-1875) patented his famous sewing machine in 1851

Invention of the Singer sewing machine, 1850 (1880). American inventor Isaac Merrit Singer (1811-1875) adjusting the tension on his sewing machine in a last desperate attempt to make it work in

Benefits of using the Singer sewing machine, 1880. A home and family transformed into models of comfort and smartness by the housewifes industry with the help of the sewing machine invented by Isaac

Isaac Merrit Singers first sewing machine, patented in 1851 (1880). From Genius Rewarded or the Story of the Sewing Machine. (New York, 1880)

Sewing machine by Isaac Merritt Singer, 1880. A woman operating a treadle version of the sewing machine invented by Isaac Merritt Singer (1811-1875) in 1851

Roller Bridge or inclined plane for transferring vessels from one level of waterway to another, 1737. Inclined planes were a cheaper alternative to locks

Exterior view of City of London Gasworks, showing gasometers and coal barges at the quay, 1876
General exterior view of City of London Gasworks, showing gasometers and coal barges moored at the quay, 1876. Wood engraving

Illustration showing the working spaces of a gas works, 1828: l: Retort House. 2: Tar cistern. 3: Condenser. 5, 6: Gasholder. 7: Office. 8: Workshops

Sectional view of Liverpool Gas Works, 1860. Artist: Charles Partington
Sectional view of Liverpool Gas Works, 1860. Where, according to Muspratt, the purest gas in the kingdom is produced. From Sheridan Muspratt Chemistry, London, 1860

General view of a gas works, showing retorts being charged, 1835. Artist: Charles Partington
General view of a gas works, showing retorts being charged. From Charles Partington The British Cyclopaedia, London, 1835. Copperplate engraving

Fire engine, from Georg Andreas Bocklers Theatrum Machinarum Novum, 1673. Artist: Georg Andreas Bockler
Fire engine. From Georg Andreas Bocklers Theatrum Machinarum Novum, Nuremberg, 1673. Engraving

Fire engine, from Isaac de Caus Nouvelle Invention de Lever l Eau Plus Hault, 1664. Artist: Isaac de Caus
Fire engine, from Isaac de Caus Nouvelle Invention de Lever l Eau Plus Hault, 1664. Engraving

Undershot water wheel powering a fulling mill, Copperplate Engraving, 1673. Artist: Georg Andreas Bockler
Undershot water wheel powering a fulling mill. Tappets, C, on shaft, B, raise and lower mallets, D, D, which pound the woollen cloth

Reconstruction of reaping machine used in Gaul in Ancient Roman times, as described by Pliny, c1890
Reconstruction of reaping machine used in Gaul in Ancient Roman times, as described by Pliny, Engraving, c1890

Reconstruction of Roman reaping cart, as described by Pliny, Engraving, 1860
Reconstruction of Roman reaping cart, as described by Pliny. Engraving, 1860. Aristotle believed that motion was a continuous pushing action

Babbages difference machine, 1864. Artist: Charles Babbage
Babbages difference machine. From Charles Babbage Passages from the Life of a Philosopher, London, 1864. Engraving

Hydraulic coal cutting machine, named The Iron Man, 1867
Hydraulic coal cutting machine, named The Iron Man, in position on rail track undergground in a coal seam. Made by Carrett, Marshall & Co. and shown at the Paris International Exposition of 1867

Air filters, Maginot Line, France, 1939. Conceived by Andre Maginot (1877-1932) as an impegnable wall on Frances eastern frontier, the Maginot Line was a vast linked set of fortifications

Electric light plant, Maginot Line, France, 1939. Conceived by Andre Maginot (1877-1932) as an impegnable wall on Frances eastern frontier, the Maginot Line was a vast linked set of fortifications

Soviet poster commemorating May Day, 1950. Artist: A Bearob
Soviet poster commemorating May Day, 1950

L Agriculture Moderne, 1897. Scene showing harvest time with a steam powered threshing machine in the background. In the foreground an adviser, holding a copy of L Agriculture Moderne

Advertisement for The Vacuum Cleaner Company, 1906. This company adopted Hubert Cecil Booths patent of 1901 which used suction to collect dust

Trade Union Scroll, 1851. Amalgamated Society of Engineers, Machinists, Millwrights, Smiths and Pattern-Makers scroll which would be presented to members

Coffee or tea making machine heated by a small spirit lamp, 1900. A glamorous woman operating a complex-looking apparatus designed to make hot drinks. From a periodical on inventions. (Paris 1900)

Household utensils, 1906. Bread slicer: coffee roaster: Bissell carpet sweeper: mangle: knife sharpener: spice box. From Mrs Beetons Household Management

Cyrus McCormicks reaping machine, 1862. Patented in America in 1831and shown at the Great Exhibition in the Crystal Palace, London, 1851, it was the first widely adopted mechanical reaper

Machine Room in a Steam Sewing Factory, 1854. This view is of Holloway, Crowe & Holloways clothing factory, Stroud, Gloucestershire, England

Wilson sewing machine, 1880. Belt-driven lock-stick model for industrial use showing samples of work that could be produced

Domestic sewing machine powered by steam, 1883. Woman sewing with a machine powered by a steam motor placed on top of a domestic range. From La Nature. (Paris, 1883)

Small lockstick sewing machine, 1886. Patented in 1881, this small sewing machine weighing approx 226g (8oz) could be mounted on a table top. From Cassells Family Magazine. (London, 1886)

De Kaap goldfields, Transvaal, South Africa, 1887. Water-powered stamping mill for crushing ore: Caledonian Mining Company. From The Illustrated London News. (London, 1887)

Laying siege canon on target, from Le diverse et artificiose machine, 1620
Laying siege canon on target, from Agostino Ramellis Le diverse et artificiose machine, 1620 (first edition 1588). Bottom right is a gunners level

Columbias Sewing-Machine, 1864. Artist: John Tenniel
Columbias Sewing-Machine, 1864. Britannia says: Ah, my dear Columbia, its all very well; But you ll find it difficult to join that neatly

Andrew McCormack, 2011. Artist: Alan John Ainsworth
Andrew McCormack, Cheltenham Jazz Festival, 2011

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