Central American Collection (page 5)

The spillway, Gatun Lock, Panama Canal, Panama, early 20th century. Artist: J Dearden Holmes
The spillway, Gatun Lock, Panama Canal, Panama, early 20th century. Stereoscopic card. Detail

The SS Orbita, Panama Canal, early 20th century. Artist: J Dearden Holmes
The SS Orbita, Panama Canal, early 20th century. Stereoscopic card. Detail

Plan of the Panama Canal, late 19th century. Artist: William Mackenzie
Plan of the Panama Canal, late 19th century

Ruins of the pyramid steps of Xochicalco, Mexico, 1901. Xochicalco was a pre-Columbian city that reached the peak of its importance between 700 and 1000 AD

A victim before the Maya god Kukulkan, 1901. After the bas-relief in stone from Menche-Tanamit in the British Museum. A print from The Worlds History, A Survey of Mans Record, by Dr HF Helmolt

A page from the Vienna manuscript of Zapothec origin, 1901
A page from the Vienna manuscript of Zapotec origin, 1901. The Zapotec civilization was an indigenous pre-Columbian culture that flourished in the Valley of Oaxaca in southern Mexico

A page from the Dresden codex, Maya manuscript, 1901
A page from the Dresden Maya Manuscript, 1901. The Dresden Codex is held in the Sachsische Landesbibliothek, the state library in Dresden, Germany

Tonalamatl Aubin, Folio 16, 15th century? Pre-Columbian style Aztec Tonalamatl (Paper of Days), a religious manuscript painted on agave paper. From the Biblioteque Nationale, Paris

Pottery. Bat-God: pottery with red paint. Zapotec culture, Mexico, 300-900 AD. (A branch of Aztec cu)
Camazotz, Bat-God, pottery with red paint, Zapotec culture, Mexico, 300-900. The cult of Camazotz began around 100 BCE among the Zapotec Indians in what is the modern-day Mexican state of Oaxaca

Aztec Nefrite Head of a Jaguar, 1300-1521. The jaguar is America?s largest and most powerful cat, and for more than three thousand years it has been Mexico?s most enduring symbolic animal

Manicheel tree (Hippomane mancinella) or Poison Guava, c1795. This tree, native to the Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico, has fruits with an inviting appearance which are very poisonous

Jade plaque showing a seated Mayan king, 400-800

Jade statue of Quetzalcoatl, Aztec 1350-1521. The Feathered Snake, Aztec god of fertility and creator of mankind

Aztec sculpture of a seated male figure, c1375-1521
Aztec sculpture of a seated male figure, c1375-1525. From the Reissmuseum, Zeughaus, Mannheim, Germany

Pre-Colombian Mexican seated pottery figure. From the Totoniac Abbey Museum

Pyramid and Temple-of-the-Inscriptions, Palenque, Mexico, 7th century
Temple of Inscriptions, Palenque, Mexico. This pyramid topped with a temple is an example of classical Mayan architecture

Section from the Mayan Troano Codex, 15th century. The Troano Codex is a manuscript of the late period of the Mayan civilization in Central America

Montezuma II, last Aztec emperor, in his palace, early 16th century. Montezuma (1466-1520) is depicted at the top of the image, with judges in the centre and litigants at the bottom

Codex Borgianus showing confronting deities, Mixtec, Pre-Columbian Mexico, 12th-16th century
Codex Borgianus showing confronting deities, Mixtec, Pre-Columbian Mexico, c1400. The Mixtec civilization flourished from c 1200 until the Spanish conquest in the 16th century

Stele B from Copan, Honduras, Pre-Columbian, Maya, c300-630. Copan was an important Maya city from the 5th until the 9th century

Mayan lintel listing the nine generations of rulers at Yaxchilan, 450-550. Yaxchilan was a major city of the Mayan Classic period, reaching its greatest power in the reign of King Shield Jaguar II

Carved monolithic head from Monte Alto, Guatemala, Pre-Columbian, Pre-Classic period, 1500-100 BC

Olmec carved jade head, Pre-Columbian, Central America, 1150-800 BC. A carved head, possibly representing a dragon

Olmec carved head from La Venta, Pre-Columbian, Central America, 1150-800 BC

Skull covered in turquoise mosaic, Mixtec, southern Mexico, 1400-1521

Zoomorphic form from the Codex Borgianus, Mixtec, Pre-Columbian Mexico, c1400. From the Vatican Museum

Citadel of Teotihuacan, Pre-Columbian Mexico. The capital of one of the earliest Central American civilizations, Teotihuacans power reached its peak in the 1st millenium AD

Page from the Vienna Nahua manuscript of Zapotec origin, Mexico

Aztec stonecarving of Jaguar, from Valley of Mexico, 1400-1521. In Mayan mythology, the jaguar was seen as the ruler of the Underworld, and as such, a symbol of the night sun and darkness

Earthenware Figure, Late Aztec, Mexico, 15th or 16th century

God of the Morning Star, Mexico. Quetzalcoatl was often considered the god of the morning star, and his twin brother Xolotl was the evening star (Venus)

Aztec stone figure of seated Fire-God Xiuhtecuhtli, 1300-1521. In Aztec mythology, Xiuhtecuhtli was the god of fire, day and heat

Aztec Jade Pendant of Solar God Tonatuih, 1300-1521

Interior of Tomb 104, Classic Period, Monte Alban, Mexico, c550

Aztec stone carving of Jaguar killing a Vulture, Hacha, Veracruz state: Mexico, 400-700
Aztec stone carving of Jaguar killing a Vulture, Hacha; Veracruz state, Mexico, 400-700. Associated with the Ritual Ball-Game of Central America

Monkey whistling Jar in Grey pottery, Monte Alban, Oaxaca, Mexico, 300-900. Monte Alban is a large pre-Columbian archaeological site

Pottery Plate with Deer motif, Mixtec, Cholula, Mexico, 1300-1521

Mexican Codex From Central Mexico, showing family tree of Izatzcantzin. Aztec and Spanish Hieroglyphs. Berlin Museums

Gold Pendant, Mixtec, 1200-1521. The head of a person of high rank is shown by the elaborate ear-rings and head dress. British Museum

Aztec Gold Pendant of a Ruler with ritual regalia, Mixtec, 1200-1521. He holds a serpent-staff battleaxe and a shield. A mask hangs from his lip-ring. British Museum

Mayan Pot of Man in high animal head-dress holding staff with lotus flower

Maya painted jar: man in jaguar-skin litter from Guatemala
Maya painted jar, man in jaguar-skin litter from Guatemala

Aztec Jade Eagle Warrior, 1300-1521. Face emerging from beak of eagle helmet. At the British Museum

Pottery Mask of a Bat, grey with red and white paint, Zapotec, Mexico, 300-900. The Zapotec civilization was an indigenous pre-Columbian civilization that flourished in the Valley of Oaxaca in

Aztec Wind-God Ehecatl, 1300-1521. A volcanic stone statue of the Mesoamerican wind god Ehecatl. He is wearing his typical duckbill mask. Aztec, 1300-1521 CE. (British Museum, London)

Mexican Terracotta Group, Pre-Columbian, from a grave, Aztec culture, 1300-1521. Aztec culture, also known as Mexica, was a Mesoamerican culture that flourished in central Mexico in the post-classic

Pottery Rattle of woman holding child, Mexico. Axtec, late Post-Classic Period, 1300-1520. At Royal Scottish Museum, Edinburgh

Mexican Terracotta Figurine, Huaxtec Culture, Aztec Period, c15th century. The Huastec civilization was a pre-Columbian civilization of Mesoamerica

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