Pictures Dated 20th January 2009

Queen Anne, c1702 (1906). Artist: Unknown

Queen Anne, c1702 (1906). From the original painting by John Closterman, in the National Portrait Gallery, London. Anne (1665-1714) was the daughter of James II, deposed by William of Orange in the Glorious Revolution of 1688. The last Stuart monarch, she came to the throne after the death of William in 1702, and became the first monarch of the Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland after the signing of the Act of Union in 1707. Her reign saw a decline of the power of the crown in favour of that of ministers as well as the development of a two party system of politics. Her inability to produce an heir precipitated a succession crisis, with parliament passing legislation to hand the crown to the House of Hanover in order to prevent the Catholic Old Pretender, James Francis Edward Stuart, from claiming the throne. A print from Queen Anne, by Herbert Paul, Goupil and Co, London, 1906.

© The Print Collector / Heritage-Images

Prince James Francis Edward Stuart, the 'Old Pretender', c1700 (1906). Artist: Unknown

Prince James Francis Edward Stuart, the 'Old Pretender', c1700 (1906). The son of King James II and Mary of Modena, James Stuart (1688-1766) was a claimant to the English and Scottish thrones. In 1701, after James II died in exile in France, James proclaimed himself King James III of England and VIII of Scotland, a claim supported by Louis XIV of France. He attempted an invasion in 1708, but failed to land on British soil. After George I became king in 1714, a rebellion occurred in Scotland (the Jacobite 'Fifteen' uprising). James landed in Scotland to lead the uprising, but left after the Battle of Sheriffmuir when it became clear that he had insufficient support. By now France was at peace with England after signing the Treaty of Utrecht and James was a political embarrassment to his former hosts. He spent the rest of his life surrounded by a Jacobite court in the Palazzo Muti in Rome, given to him by Pope Clement XI. A print from Queen Anne, by Herbert Paul, Goupil and Co, London, 1906.

© The Print Collector / Heritage-Images

Anne, Queen of Great Britain, 1702-1714 (1906). Artist: Unknown

Anne, Queen of Great Britain, 1702-1714 (1906). Facsimile in the colours of the original enamel of Queen Anne and Prince George of Denmark by Charles Boit, in the Royal Collection at Windsor Castle. Anne (1665-1714) was the daughter of James II, deposed by William of Orange in the Glorious Revolution of 1688. The last Stuart monarch, she came to the throne after the death of William in 1702, and became the first monarch of the Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland after the signing of the Act of Union in 1707. Her reign saw a decline of the power of the crown in favour of that of ministers as well as the development of a two party system of politics. Her inability to produce an heir precipitated a succession crisis, with parliament passing legislation to hand the crown to the House of Hanover in order to prevent the Catholic Old Pretender, James Francis Edward Stuart, from claiming the throne. A print from Queen Anne, by Herbert Paul, Goupil and Co, London, 1906.

© The Print Collector / Heritage-Images