Oxford Science Archive Collection

Train crossing Stockport viaduct on the London & North Western Railway, c1845. Note the pollution of the river banks, smoking chimneys and the complete domination of the scene by the viaduct

Exterior of the north transept of the Crystal Palace, London, built for the Great Exhibition, 1851. Conceived by Prince Albert

Four moons of Jupiter, Io, Europa, Ganymede and Callisto, 1979. Four separate pictures of these moons sometimes known as the Galilean moons taken from Voyager 1

The Engineer, 1867. The workman is using a file on an engine part held in a vice. Engineers made and maintained the steam engines and machinery used in manufacturing and transport

James Watt, Scottish engineer and inventor, 1833. Watt (1736-1819) was born at Greenock on the Clyde, Scotland, and showed an interest in engineering and invention from an early age

The Whale, c1850. Artist: Benjamin Waterhouse Hawkins
The Whale, c1850. Around the main illustration of harpooning a whale and the whalers being tossed from their boat are vignettes of the uses to which the whale was put after the carcass had been cut

JJ Thomson, British nuclear physicist, 1898. Joseph John Thomson (1856-1940), the discoverer of the electron, with his students at the Cavendish Laboratory, Cambridge

Water! Water! Everywhere; and not a Drop to Drink, 1849. Comment on the London water supply during the reappearance of cholera in 1848 and 1849

Construction of the Kilsby Tunnel on the London & Birmingham Railway, 8 July 1839. Artist: John Cooke Bourne
Construction of the Kilsby Tunnel on the London & Birmingham Railway, 8 July 1837 (1839). Robert Stephenson (1803-1859) was appointed chief engineer of the London & Birmingham Railway (LBR)

John Hunter, 1786. Artist: WO Geller
John Hunter, 1786. Scottish surgeon and anatomist whose series of lectures on the theory and practice of surgery attracted numerous students, including Edward Jenner, Astley Cooper

John Wood Approaching Bombay, c1850. Artist: Joseph Heard
John Wood Approaching Bombay, c1850. At this time the East India Company was still governing India. The company was founded in 1600 to challenge the Dutch

Development of Mesmeric Science, 1883. Artist: George du Maurier
Development of Mesmeric Science, 1883. The fatal Mesmeric Duel in the Bois de Boulogne, between the Chevalier Lenoir, of Paris, and Professor Schwartz, of Berlin

Collieries, c1805. Pithead scene at a coal mine. At the bottom a horse whim is raising coal from the pit and a man is breaking coal with a pick

Chirk Aqueduct on the Ellesmere Canal, c1829. Artist: Thomas Barber
Chirk Aqueduct on the Ellesmere Canal, c1829. Now known as the Llangollen, the canal was built by the Scottish civil engineer Thomas Telford (1757-1834)

Thomas Nortons laboratory, c1477 (1652). Engraving after a manuscript in the British Museum, London, which is probably the earliest illustration of a balance in a glass case

Industrial polltion, Sheffield, Yorkshire, c1925. Factory chimneys pouring out polluted smoke

Advertisement for Sunlight household soap, c1890. The advertisement recommends the soap it to the housewife by claiming it would make life easier

Interior of a coal mine, 1862. Underground scene in a mine, showing a miner winning coal, while a wagon full of coal is being hauled along rails to the bottom of the pit shaft by a pony

Great Eastern on the stocks at Millwall on the Thames, 1857. View from the stern, showing the vessel in John Scott Russells (1808-1882) yard

Bird s-eye view of the Eiffel Tower at the time of the opening of the Paris Exposition of 1889. Designed by the French civil engineer Gustave Eiffel (1832-1923)

Tring cutting, London & Birmingham Railway, 17 June 1837 (1839). Artist: John Cooke Bourne
Tring cutting, London & Birmingham Railway, 17 June 1837 (1839). Navvies excavating the cutting. Wheelbarrows are filled with spoil at the bottom

New Lanark Mills, Scotland, c1815. Robert Owens (1771-1858) model community of cotton mills and housing. Educational facilities were provided, as well as the worlds first day nursery

Tapping blast furnace, and casting iron into pigs, Siemens iron and steel works, Wales, 1885. The pollution generated during the production of iron and steel at the Siemens Landore Works

Euston Station, London terminus of London and Birmingham Railway, 1840. A man greets a female passenger while luggage on the cariage roof is untied. Iron pillars and trusses support the station roof

Isambard Kingdom Brunel, civil engineer, c1850s
Isambard Kingdom Brunel, English engineer, c1850s. Brunel surrounded by vignettes of some of his most significant projects - the steamships Great Eastern, Great Britain

Microwave map of whole sky, c1990s. A map produced from one years data from NASAs COBE (Cosmic Background Explorer) satellite

Charles Darwin, English naturalist, 1871. Darwin (1809-1882) was employed as naturalist on HMS Beagle from 1831-1836. He first made his name as a geologist

The Nightmare, c1790. Artist: Henry Fuseli
The Nightmare, c1790. The feeling of suffocating anxiety experienced in a nightmare is represented by the demon, sitting on the dreamers chest with implied sexual menace

Thomas Henry Huxley, British biologist, c1890. Artist: W&D Downey
Thomas Henry Huxley, British biologist, c1890. Huxley (1825-1895) was a prominent supporter of Darwin in the controversy that raged over his theory of evolution in the 19th century

Thomas Henry Huxley, British biologist, at his desk, c1880. Huxley (1825-1895) was a prominent supporter of Darwin in the controversy that raged over his theory of evolution in the 19th century

Thomas Henry Huxley, English biologist, 1883. Huxley (1825-1895) was a prominent supporter of Darwin in the controversy that raged over his theory of evolution in the 19th century

Thomas, Henry Huxley, English biologist, 1877. Artist: Lock & Whitfield
Thomas, Henry Huxley, English biologist, 1877. Huxley (1825-1895) was a prominent supporter of Darwin in the controversy that raged over his theory of evolution in the 19th century. From Men of Mark

Richard Owen, English zoologist, 1884. Artist: Edward Linley Sambourne
Richard Owen, English zoologist, 1884. After qualifying and practising as a surgeon, Owen (1804-1892) made major contributions in the fields of anatomy and paleontology

Wilhelm Haidinger, Austrian mineralogist, geologist and physicist, c1871
Wilhelm Haidinger, Austrian mineralogist, geologist and physicist, 1871. In 1840 Haidinger (1795-1871) was appointed Counsellor of Mines, in Vienna

The Dog, c1850. Artist: Benjamin Waterhouse Hawkins
The Dog, c1850. The central image shows a typical collie sheepdog. Surrounding vignettes show (clockwise from top left): the shepherds companion

The Mur de la Cote, c1855. Artist: George Baxter
The Mur de la Cote, c1855. From the mid 19th century, the British professional and leisured classes travelled to the Alps for health and recreation

Thomas Henry Huxley, British biologist, 1871. Huxley (1823-1883) at the time of his presidency of the British Association for the Advancement of Science

Galileo facing the Inquisition, Rome, 1633 (1870). Galileo Galilei (1564-1642), Italian astronomer, mathematician and physicist

Lead chamber for production of sulphuric acid, 1866. Also known as Oil of Vitriol or H2S04, sulphuric acid was one of the most important industrial chemicals

Harry John Lawson, English inventor of a safety bicycle, 19th century. In 1879 Lawson produced the first bicycle driven by a chain from centrally positioned pedals to the rear wheel

Comte de La Perouse, 18th century French navigator, astronomer and explorer, c1834
Jean Francois de Galaup, Comte de La Perouse, 18th century French navigator, astronomer and explorer, c1830. La Perouse (1741-1788) spent four years (1785-1788)

Artists impression of the lunar landscape at sunset, 1884. The Earth is at top right. Stars are visible in the lunar sky although it is not dark because the Moon has no atmosphere to scatter light

Heinrich Wilhelm Mathias Olbers, German astronomer and physician, 1864. Olbers (1758-1840) was a founder member of the astronomers called the Celestial Police who searched for a supposed missing

Viaduct on the Baltimore & Washington Railroad, c1838. Artist: Henry Adlard
Viaduct on the Baltimore & Washington Railroad, c1838. Illustration after a painting by William Henry Bartlett (1809-1854) who visited the United States in the 1830s

Colt Frontier revolver, invented by Samuel Colt (1814-62), c1850. Fig. 2: the breech disc. Fig. 3: the cartridge in section. From The Mechanics Magazine. Also known as the Colt Peacemaker

Samuel Colt (1814-1862), inventor of the Colt revolver, 1856. The American inventor and industrialist invented the weapon which, after the Mexican war of 1846-8, was adopted by the US army

Illustration from John Miltons Paradise Lost, 1866. Artist: Gustave Dore
Illustration from John Miltons Paradise Lost, 1866. Illustration for Miltons (1608-1674) epic poem dramatising the fall of Man in the Book of Genesis in the Bible

Microscope made by C Reichert, Vienna, 1895. Artist: C Reichert
Microscope made by C Reichert, Vienna, 1895. The microscope featured objectives of different powers which could be turned into viewing position as required

All Professionally Made to Order for Quick Shipping