Charles Darwin Collection (page 3)

Charles Darwin in the sand walk at Down House, c1870 (1887). English naturalist Darwin (1809-1882) spent much time walking and thinking in his garden at Down House, near Beckenham, Kent

Charles Darwin, English naturalist, in his study, c1870 (1887). Darwin (1809-1882) lived at Down House, Beckenham, Kent for forty years

Down House, near Beckenham, Kent, 1887. Garden view of the home for forty years of Charles Darwin (1809-1882), English naturalist

Charles Darwin, English naturalist, 1884. Darwin (1809-1882) put forward the modern theory of evolution and proposed the principle of evolution by natural selection

Samuel Wilberforce, English churchman, 1870. Wilberforce (1805-1873) at the time of his appointment as Bishop of Winchester in 1869

Richard Owen, English anatomist and paleontologist, 1872. After qualifying and practising as a surgeon, Owen (1804-1892) made major contributions in the fields of anatomy and paleontology

Medal commemorating Jean Baptiste de Monet, Chevalier de Lamarck, French biologist, 20th century. Lamarcks (1744-1829) theory of evolution by inheritance of acquired characteristics was known as

Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte du Buffon, French naturalist, 1761. Author of the encyclopedic 44-volume Histoire Naturelle, Buffon (1707-1778) proposed that the Earth existed before 4004 BC

Alfred Russell Wallace, Welsh naturalist, c1895. Wallace (1823-1913) formulated a theory of evolution independently of Charles Darwin

Alfred Russell Wallace, Welsh-born British naturalist, c1900. Wallace (1823-1913) independently arrived at a theory of evolution similar to that of Charles Darwin (1809-1882)

Darwinian Ancestor, 1887. Artist: George du Maurier
Darwinian Ancestor, 1887. Charles Darwin (1809-1882) said to the Scottish geologist Charles Lyell (1797-1875) Our ancestor was an animal which breathed water, had a swim-bladder

George du Maurier cartoon from Punch illustrating Darwinism, 1887. Artist: George du Maurier
Development of Species Under Civilisation, 1887. The old evolutionary argument of Nature or Nurture: it would be a brave person who came to a conclusion on this evidence. Cartoon from Punch

The Survival of the Fittest; application of Darwinism in the 21st century, 1880. Artist: George du Maurier
The Survival of the Fittest ; application of Darwinism in the 21st century, 1880. The term Survival of the fittest was first used by Herbert Spencer (1820-1903) in 1851

Jemmy Button, the Fuegian adopted by Fitzroys expedition, in 1834 (1839). During 1833 when Jemmy was living with the expedition, he was dressed in European clothes and his hair was cut short

Jemmy Button, the Fuegian adopted by the Fitzroy expedition, as he appeared in 1833 (1839). In 1834, after his return to his tribe, all trace of European influence disappeared

A Patagonian, c1831 (1839). From Narrative of the Surveying Voyages of His Majestys Ships Adventure and Beagle Vol.I, by William Parker King (London, 1839)

Patagonians at Gregory Bay, 1831 (1839). From Narrative of the Surveying Voyages of His Majestys Ships Adventure and Beagle Vol II, by Robert Fitzroy. (London, 1839)

Fuegians at Woollya, with the Fitzroy expeditions camp in the background, 1831 (1839). From Robert Fitzroys Narrative of the Surveying Voyages of His Majestys Ships Adventure and Beagle, Vol. II

Charles Darwin (1809-1882), English naturalist, in his greenhouse
Charles Darwin, English naturalist, c1875, (1887). Darwin (1809-1882) at work in his greenhouse at Down House, his home near Beckenham, Kent

Charles Darwin, English naturalist, 1883. Darwin (1809-1882) put forward the modern theory of evolution and proposed the principle of evolution by natural selection. From The Century Magazine

Down House, near Beckenham, Kent, from the garden, 1883. The home of Charles Darwin (1809-1882), the English naturalist who put forward the modern theory of evolution

Charles Darwin, English naturalist, 1881. Artist: Edward Linley Sambourne
Charles Darwin, English naturalist, 1881. As well as his better known work on evolution by natural selection, Darwins (1809-1882) studies covered other subjects

Charles Darwin, English naturalist, 1875. Artist: Edward Linley Sambourne
Charles Darwin, English naturalist, 1875. Darwin (1809-1882) was employed as naturalist on HMS Beagle from 1831-1836. He first made his name as a geologist

Jean Baptiste Lamarck, (1744-1829), French naturalist. Said to be the first to use the term biology. Lamarcks own theory of evolution was in fact based on the idea that individuals adapt during their

Herbert Spencer, English philosopher and sociologist, 1897. Born in Derby, Spencer (1820-1903) put forward the idea and coined the term survival of the fittest and was an advocate of social Darwinism

John Stevens Henslow, English botanist, geologist and clergyman, 1861. Henslow (1796-1861) was professor of mineralogy (1822-1827) and of botany (1827-1861) at Cambridge

Mammal embryos, 1905. Dog, bat, hare and human embryos at various stages of development. Illustration from Ernst Haeckels book; one of the first to sketch the genealogical tree of animals

The Lion of the Season, 1861. Artist: John Leech
The Lion of the Season, 1861. Cartoon from Punch, London, 25 May 1861, when controversy over Darwins Origin of Species was raging

Monkeyana: Am I a Man and a Brother?, 1861. Cartoon from Punch, London 18 May 1861, when controversy over Darwins Origin of Species was raging

Thomas Henry Huxley, 1893. Artist: Leopold Flameng
Thomas Henry Huxley, 1893. Leaning on a pile of books and holding a skull. English scientist remembered as Darwins Bulldog

Java Man (Pithecanthropus erectus). Reconstruction based on a skull cap, thigh bone and two back teeth discovered in Pliocene fossil beds in Trinil, Central Java, by Dr Eugene Dubois in 1894

Skull of Piltdown Man (Eanothropus daswoni), 1912. This supposed fossil was discovered near Lewes, Sussex, in 1912 by Charles Dawson, a local solicitor and amateur archaeologist

Model of the skull of Piltdown Man (Eanothropus dawsoni), 1914. Artist: Dr Smith Woodward
Model of the skull of Piltdown Man (Eanothropus dawsoni), 1914. Model as reconstructed by Dr Smith Woodward. Dark areas are from the original fossil, the light are the restored areas

Taungs Ape-Man. Artists drawing of Australian anatomist and ethnologist Grafton Elliot Smiths (1871-1937) idea of the appearance of a young Australopithecus Africanus

Giraffes browsing, c1885. Jean-Baptiste Lamarck (1744-1829) French naturalist, considered that the giraffe illustrated Transformism (also known as Lamarckism)

Charles Darwin, English naturalist, 1874
Charles Darwin (1809-82) English naturalist. Cartoon, depicting Darwins head superimposed on an apes body, showing another ape its reflection in a mirror

Giraffe browsing on a tree, 1836. Jean-Baptiste Lamarck (1744-1829) French naturalist, considered that the giraffe illustrated Transformism (also known as Lamarckism)

Jean Lamarck, French naturalist. Lamarck (1744-1829) formulated the doctrine of Transformism (also known as Lamarckism), a theory of evolution which stated that acquired characteristics could be

George-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon, French naturalist, 18th century. Artist: Holl
George-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon, French naturalist, 18th century. Author of the encyclopedic 44-volume Histoire Naturelle, Buffon (1707-1778) proposed that the Earth existed before 4004 BC

Vision of an intellectual family in the 1950s, 1883
Vision of an intellectual family in the 1950s. Anticipated result of selective breeding in Man. From A. Robida Le Vingtieme Siecle, Paris, 1883

Coral reef surrounding a lagoon. Slow accumulation of substance from generations of corals was a phenomenon which Darwin used to support they theory of a long geological timescale

Coral Reef and island. Time taken for building of coral reefs and islands was a proof used by Darwin to support the theory of a long geological timescale. Hand coloured engraving published 1849

Geology and Palaeontology, c1880. Diagram showing geological eras and periods with the rock strata associated with each (right) as well as the types of flora and fauna alive at the time

Charles Darwin, English naturalist. Darwin (1809-1882) as a young man. Darwin was employed as naturalist on HMS Beagle from 1831-1836

Coral reef creating a lagoon. From Charles Darwin The Structure and Distribution of Coral Reefs, London, 1842. The realisation of the long time scale entailed in the creation of islands

Coral island and circling coral reef creating a lagoon. From Charles Darwin The Structure and Distribution of Coral Reefs, London, 1842

The New Photographic Looking Glass, cartoon from Punch, everyday proof of mans origins, 1861
The New Photographic Looking Glass, everyday proof of mans origins, cartoon from Punch, London, 1861. Wood engraving

Pigeons used by Charles Darwin at Down House, near Beckenham, Kent, England, 1887
Pigeons used by Charles Darwin during his work on theory of descent, at Down House, near Beckenham, Kent, England, 1887 Wood engraving

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