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Adam Smith, (1723-1790), 1830. Creator: UnknownAdam Smith, (1723-1790), 1830. Adam Smith (1723-1790) Scottish economist, author, moral philosopher and pioneer of political economy, a key figure during Scottish Enlightenment
Swedenborg, (1688-1772), 1830. Creator: UnknownSwedenborg, (1688-1772), 1830. Emanuel Swedenborg (1688-1772) Swedish pluralistic-Christian theologian, scientist, philosopher and mystic, best known for his book on the afterlife
Zeno Eleates, (c495-430 BC), 1830. Creator: UnknownZeno Eleates, (c495-430 BC), 1830. Zeno of Elea (c495-430 BC) pre-Socratic Greek philosopher of the Eleatic School founded by Parmenides
Voltaire, (1694-1778), 1830. Creator: UnknownVoltaire, (1694-1778), 1830. Francois-Marie Arouet (1694-1778) French Enlightenment writer, historian, and philosopher. A satirical polemicist famous for his wit, advocacy of freedom of speech
Puffendorf, (1632-1694), 1830. Creator: UnknownPuffendorf, (1632-1694), 1830. Samuel von Pufendorf (1632-1694) German jurist, political philosopher, economist and historian, made baron by Charles XI of Sweden
Sir T. More, (1478-1535), 1830. Creator: UnknownSir T. More, (1478-1535), 1830. Sir Thomas More (1478-1535) English lawyer, social philosopher, author, statesman, and noted Renaissance humanist
Monboddo, (1714-1799), 1830. Creator: UnknownMonboddo, (1714-1799), 1830. James Burnett, Lord Monboddo (1714-1799) Scottish judge, scholar of linguistic evolution, philosopher and deist
Montaigne, (1533-1592), 1830. Creator: UnknownMontaigne, (1533-1592), 1830. Michel Eyquem de Montaigne (1533-1592) significant philosopher of the French Renaissance, known for the essay as a literary genre
Menage, (1613-1692), 1830. Creator: UnknownMenage, (1613-1692), 1830. Giles Menage (1613-1692) French scholar who published an unedited anonymous life of Aristotle. From " Biographical Illustrations", by Alfred Howard
Dr. Young, (c1683-1765), 1830. Creator: UnknownDr. Young, (c1683-1765), 1830. Edward Young (c1683-1765) English poet, critic, philosopher and theologian educated at Winchester College and New College, Oxford became a royal chaplain in 1728
Terentius, (c195-c 159 BC), 1830. Creator: UnknownTerentius, (c195-c 159 BC), 1830. Publius Terentius Afer (c195-c 159 BC) Roman playwright of Berber descent brought to Rome as a slave, educated and freed
Seneca, (c4 BC-AD 65), 1830. Creator: UnknownSeneca, (c4 BC-AD 65), 1830. Seneca the Younger (c4 BC-AD 65) Roman Stoic philosopher, statesman, dramatist and satirist exiled to Corsica by emperor Claudius in AD 41
Paley, (1743-1805), 1830. Creator: UnknownPaley, (1743-1805), 1830. William Paley (1743-1805) English clergyman, Christian apologist, philosopher, and utilitarian educated at Christs College, Cambridge, he lectured on moral philosophy
Montesquieu, (1689-1755), 1830. Creator: UnknownMontesquieu, (1689-1755), 1830. Charles-Louis de Secondat (1689-1755) French judge, man of letters, and political philosopher. From " Biographical Illustrations", by Alfred Howard
Huss, (c1369-1415), 1830. Creator: UnknownHuss, (c1369-1415), 1830. Jan Hus (c1369-1415) John Hus or Huss, also Iohannes Hus or Johannes Huss, Czech theologian, philosopher, master, dean, and rector of the Charles University in Prague
Paul Manutius, (1512-1574), 1830. Creator: UnknownPaul Manutius, (1512-1574), 1830. Paulus Manutius (1512-1574) Venetian printer with a humanist education, his chief contributions to scholarship were his corrected editions of Ciceros letters
Homer, (c800-701 BC), 1830. Creator: UnknownHomer, (c800-701 BC), 1830. Homer (c800-701 BC) Greek poet and legendary author of the Iliad and the Odyssey. From " Biographical Illustrations", by Alfred Howard. [Thomas Tegg, R
Heraclitus, (c535 -c475 BC), 1830. Creator: UnknownHeraclitus, (c535 -c475 BC), 1830. Heraclitus of Ephesus (c535 -c475 BC) pre-Socratic Greek philosopher, native of the city of Ephesus, then part of the Persian Empire
Locke, (1632-1704), 1830. Creator: UnknownLocke, (1632-1704), 1830. John Locke (1632-1704) English philosopher and physician, influential of Enlightenment thinker, commonly known as the " Father of Liberalism
Paul Jovius, (1483-1552), 1830. Creator: UnknownPaul Jovius, (1483-1552), 1830. Paolo Giovio (1483-1552) Italian physician, historian, biographer, and prelate. Assigned chair of Moral Philosophy
Erasmus, (1466-1536), 1830. Creator: UnknownErasmus, (1466-1536), 1830. Desiderius Erasmus Roterodamus (1466-1536) Dutch philosopher and Christian humanist considered ta great scholar of the northern Renaissance
Frederick II, (1712-1786), 1830. Creator: UnknownFrederick II, (1712-1786), 1830. Frederick II (1712-1786) ruled the Kingdom of Prussia from 1740 until 1786 as a Hohenzollern king
Isocrates, (436-338 BC), 1830. Creator: UnknownIsocrates, (436-338 BC), 1830. Isocrates (436-338 BC) Ancient Greek rhetorician and one of the ten Attic orators. From " Biographical Illustrations", by Alfred Howard. [Thomas Tegg, R
Hume, (1711-1776), 1830. Creator: UnknownHume, (1711-1776), 1830. David Hume (1711-1776) Scottish Enlightenment philosopher, historian, economist, and essayist, known for his influential system of philosophical empiricism, scepticism
Hobbes, (1588-1679), 1830. Creator: UnknownHobbes, (1588-1679), 1830. Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) English philosopher and one of the founders of modern political philosophy, influential in social contract theory, history, theology and ethics
Gellert, (1715- 1769), 1830. Creator: UnknownGellert, (1715- 1769), 1830. Christian Furchtegott Gellert (1715- 1769) German poet, student of theology and tutor, who contributed to the golden age of German literature and lectured on poetry
Galen, (129 AD-c216), 1830. Creator: UnknownGalen, (129 AD-c216), 1830. Aelius Galenus or Claudius Galenus (129 AD-c216) known as Galen of Pergamon, Greek physician, surgeon and philosopher in the Roman Empire
A. H. Fleuri, (1653-1743), 1830. Creator: UnknownA. H. Fleuri, (1653-1743), 1830. Andre-Hercule de Fleury, Bishop of Frejus, Archbishop of Aix (1653-1743) French cardinal and chief minister of Louis XV educated by the Jesuits in philosophy
Epicurus, (341-270 BC), 1830. Creator: UnknownEpicurus, (341-270 BC), 1830. Epicurus (341-270 BC) ancient Greek philosopher and sage who founded a school of philosophy called Epicureanism, the purpose of which was to attain the happy
They found him in the temple, sitting in the midst of the doctors, c1840. CreatorThey found him in the temple, sitting in the midst of the doctors, c1840. Biblical scene, from Luke 2: 46: And it came to pass, that after three days they found him in the temple
Desaguliers, (1683-1744), 1830. Creator: UnknownDesaguliers, (1683-1744), 1830. John Theophilus Desaguliers (1683-1744) British natural philosopher, clergyman, engineer and freemason who was elected to the Royal Society in 1714 as experimental
Derham, (1657-1735), 1830. Creator: UnknownDerham, (1657-1735), 1830. William Derham (1657-1735) English clergyman, natural theologian, natural philosopher and scientist who produced the earliest, accurate estimates of the speed of sound
Sr. K. Digby, (1603-1665), 1830. Creator: UnknownSr. K. Digby, (1603-1665), 1830. Kenelm Digby (1603-1665) English courtier and diplomat, natural philosopher, astrologer and leading Roman Catholic intellectual
Democritus, (c460-370 BC), 1830. Creator: UnknownDemocritus, (c460-370 BC), 1830. Democritus (c460-370 BC) Ancient Greek pre-Socratic philosopher remembered for his formulation of atomic theory of the universe
Dee, (1527-1609), 1830. Creator: UnknownDee, (1527-1609), 1830. John Dee (1527-1609) English/Welsh mathematician, astronomer, astrologer, occult philosopher and advisor to Queen Elizabeth I
Coverdale, (1488-1569), 1830. Creator: UnknownCoverdale, (1488-1569), 1830. Myles Coverdale (1488-1569) English ecclesiastical reformer, Bible translator, preacher and, briefly, Bishop of Exeter (1551-1553)
P. De Comines, (1447-1511), 1830. Creator: UnknownP. De Comines, (1447-1511), 1830. Philippe de Commines (1447-1511) writer and diplomat in the courts of Burgundy and France. Critical, political and philosophical analysis
Boyle, (1627-1691), 1830. Creator: UnknownBoyle, (1627-1691), 1830. Robert Boyle (1627-1691) Anglo-Irish natural philosopher, chemist, physicist, and inventor. From " Biographical Illustrations", by Alfred Howard. [Thomas Tegg, R
Cheyne, (1672-1743), 1830. Creator: UnknownCheyne, (1672-1743), 1830. George Cheyne (1672-1743) Scottish physician, early proto-psychiatrist, philosopher and mathematician. From " Biographical Illustrations", by Alfred Howard
Cockburn, (1679-1749), 1830. Creator: UnknownCockburn, (1679-1749), 1830. Catharine Trotter Cockburn (1679-1749) English novelist, dramatist, and philosopher who wrote on moral philosophy and theology
Bias, (died 530 BC), 1830. Creator: UnknownBias, (died 530 BC), 1830. Bias of Priene (died 530 BC), Greek sage, skilled as an advocate, widely accepted to be one of the Seven Sages of Greece
Berkeley, (1685-1753), 1830. Creator: UnknownBerkeley, (1685-1753), 1830. George Berkeley (1685-1753) Irish philosopher. From " Biographical Illustrations", by Alfred Howard. [Thomas Tegg, R. Griffin and Co. J
Chaucer, (1343-1400), 1830. Creator: UnknownChaucer, (1343-1400), 1830. Geoffrey Chaucer (1343-1400) English poet and author, best known for The Canterbury Tales, also a philosopher and astronomer
Cavallo, (1749-1809), 1830. Creator: UnknownCavallo, (1749-1809), 1830. Tiberius Cavallo (1749-1809) Italian physicist and natural philosopher, became a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1779
Burnet, (1643-1715), 1830. Creator: UnknownBurnet, (1643-1715), 1830. Gilbert Burnet (1643-1715) Scottish philosopher and historian, and Bishop of Salisbury, a respected preacher, academic and writer
Sir Francis Bacon, (1561-1626), 1830. Creator: UnknownSir Francis Bacon, (1561-1626), 1830. Francis Bacon (1561-1626) English philosopher and statesman, Attorney General and Lord Chancellor of England
Cicero, (106-43 BC), 1830. Creator: UnknownCicero, (106-43 BC), 1830. Marcus Tullius Cicero (106-43 BC) Roman statesman, orator, lawyer and philosopher, who served as consul in the year 63 BC
Chubb, (1679-1747), 1830. Creator: UnknownChubb, (1679-1747), 1830. Thomas Chubb (1679-1747) English lay Deist writer, From " Biographical Illustrations", by Alfred Howard. [Thomas Tegg, R. Griffin and Co. J
