Medicinal Collection (#2)

Canterbury Bells, and Corn Cockles, from Hortus Eystettensis, by Basil Besler (1561-1629), pub
I Medium flore purpurea; II Pseudomelantoium flore rubescente; III Pseudo melantbium flore albo; Besler was an apothecary in Nuremberg

Hardy Geraniums, from Hortus Eystettensis, by Basil Besler (1561-1629), pub. 1613
I Geranium moscatum odoratum; II Geranium Fuscum; III Geranium Saxatile; Besler was an apothecary in Nuremberg and was in charge of the gardens of the Prince Bishop near Eichstat;

Guaiacum and Chinese Privet, from Hortus Eystettensis, by Basil Besler (1561-1629), pub
I Guaiacana; Guaiacum used against syphilis, gout and rheumatism - but is in fact an Asian Ebenaceae aka Date Plum: II Ligustrum; Poisonous berries once used for blue

Asphodel, Burnt Orchid and Fumaria Spicata, from Hortus Eystettensis, by Basil Besler
I Asphodelus maior albus; II Cinosorchis flore purpureo, now rare; so named as the bud is black before flowers; III Fumarra rubea tenuifolia - fumaria spicata differs from other German species of

Italian Cypress and Spanish Broom, from Hortus Eystettensis, by Basil Besler (1561-1629), pub
I Cupressus arbor; Italian cypress originally from Asia, brought by the Phoenicians and now considered native to Italy; II Spartium Hispanicum; usually more bare-stemmed than shown here; plant which

Oxe Eye Daisy and Crown Daisy, from Hortus Eystettensis, by Basil Besler (1561-1629), pub
I Bellis maior, now Leucanthemum; II Chrysanthaemum Creticum luteum; III Chrysanthemum Creticum mixtum, now classified as Glebionis coronaria; Besler was an apothecary in Nuremberg

Bloody Cranesbill and Bigroot Cranesbill, from Hortus Eystettensis, by Basil Besler (1561-1629)
I Geranium anglicanum variegatum; II Geranium sanguinaeium maius; Besler was an apothecary in Nuremberg and was in charge of the gardens at the Prince Bishop near Eichstat;

i. Carnation, Dianthius, ii. Arnica & iii. Round Leaved Sundew from Hortus Eystettensis
Arnica is used to treat sprains, bruises etc.; Sundew is used to treat coughs; First used in 12th Century by an Italian Doctor Matthaeus Platearius; Besler was an apothecary in Nuremberg

Castor Oil Plant, from Hortus Eystettensis, by Basil Besler (1561-1629) pub. 1613
Ricinis: Used widely for medicinal purposes. Besler was an apothecary in Nuremberg and was in charge of the gardens of the Prince Bishop near Eichstat

Barbados Aloe, from Hortus Eystettensis, by Basil Besler (1561-1629) pub. 1613
Aloe hepatica; Sap is used medicinally especially for de-tox purposes; Besler was an apothecary in Nuremberg and was in charge of the gardens of the Prince Bishop near Eichstat;

Two Mallow Varieties, from Hortus Eystettensis, by Basil Besler (1561-1629), pub
I Althaea Vulgaris; II Althaea Fruticans Hispanica; Besler was an apothecary in Nuremberg and was in charge of the gardens of the Prince Bishop near Eichstat;

Stinking Iris, Orlaya, and Crosswort Gentian, from Hortus Eystettensis, by Basil Besler
I Spatula foetida; II Caucalis Dodonei; III Cruciata - plants with this cross shape were credited with many healing properties; Besler was an apothecary in Nuremberg

White Cedar, A Self-Heal and Yellow Bugle, from Hortus Eystettensis, by Basil Besler
I Arbos Uitae: II Prunella Officinarum (Prunella vulgaris): III Chamepitis Maior; Besler was an apothecary in Nuremberg and was in charge of the gardens of the Prince Bishop near Eichstat;

Nicotiana (Tobacco), 1821. Artist: LFJ Hoquart
Nicotiana (Tobacco), 1821. From Phytographie Medicale by Joseph Roques, 1821

Angelica Archangelica (Garden Angelica), 1821. Artist: LFJ Hoquart
Angelica Archangelica (Garden Angelica), 1821. From Phytographie Medicale by Joseph Roques, 1821

Mentha Piperita (Peppermint), 1821. Artist: LFJ Hoquart
Mentha Piperita (Peppermint) 1821. From Phytographie Medicale by Joseph Roques

Amanita Caesaria (Caesars Mushroom), 1821. Artist: LFJ Hoquart
Amanita Caesaria (Caesars Mushroom), 1821. From Phytographie Medicale by Joseph Roques

Amanita Muscaria (Fly Agaric), 1821. Artist: LFJ Hoquart
Amanita Muscaria (Fly Agaric), 1821. From Phytographie Medicale by Joseph Roques

Saffron Crocus, 1821. Artist: LFJ Hoquart
Saffron Crocus, 1821. From Phytographie Medicale, by Joseph Roques (1772-1850), 1821

Marat assassine, (The Death of Marat), 1793, (1937). Artist: Jacques-Louis David
Marat assassine, 1793, (1937). From Verve - Vol.1, No. 1, December 1937. [Verve, France, 1937]

Hypericum Boeticum. Waved-leaved St. Johns Wort, 19th Century. A medicinal herb with antidepressant activity and potent anti-inflammatory properties

Varieties of British wildflowers, 1947. Teasel: Salsify: Sow Thistle: Varieties of Wild Lettuce: Dandelion: Chicory Burdock: Saw Wort: Cotton Thistle: Hemp Agrimony: Tansy

Fennel, 1947. Fennel is a highly aromatic and flavorful herb with culinary and medicinal uses and, along with the similar-tasting anise, is one of the primary ingredients of absinthe

Flowers: Hemlock, Iceland Moss, Ipecacuanha, Indian Hemp, Juniper, Lovage, c1940

Flowers: Aloes, Arnica, Arrow Root, Barley, Balm Mint, Burdock, c1940

Flowers: Dandelion, Caraway, Elder, Garlic, Coltsfoot, Ginger Root, c1940

The old physic garden, Chelsea, 1890. View of Chelsea Physic Garden with its statue of Hans Sloane, which was founded in 1673 as the Apothecaries Garden

Pharmaceutical garden, 15th century. Scene showing the collection of medicinal plants in a medieval garden. Illustration from Livre des simples medecines

Rhubarb, 1823
Rhubarb, 19th century. Rhubarb (Rheum officinalis) was used medicinally as a laxative, a tonic and an astringent. From Nature Displayed by Simeon Shaw. (London, 1823)

Larkspur, 1893. Botanical illustration of Delphinium Consolida, or larkspur, from an atlas of the plants of France

Tormentil, 1893. Botanical illustration of Potentilla tormentilla Scop, or tormentil, from an atlas of the plants of France

The apothecarys shop, Strasbourg, 1483. Artist: Johannis De Cuba
The apothecarys shop. From Johannis de Cuba Ortus Sanitatis, Strasbourg, 1483

Physician examining a specimen of patients urine, c. 1600 (19th century)
Physician examining a specimen of patients urine, c.1600 (19th century)

Turkey Rhubarb, 1798
Turkey Rhubarb, c1798. Turkey Rhubarb (Rheum officinale) was a plant widely used as a cathartic. From A Key to Physic by Ebenezer Sibly, (London, c1798)

Clove, flower bud of Syzygium aromaticum (Eugenia carophyllata). Artist: D Blair
Clove, flower bud of Syzygium aromaticum (Eugenia carophyllata). Syzygium aromaticum is a tropical evergreen tree native to the Moluccas or Spice Islands, Indonesia

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