Maths Collection (page 9)

Dominique Francois Jean Arago (1786-1853), French astronomer, physicist and politician, 1886. Arago made important discoveries in the fields of astronomy, magnetism and optics

Peter Apian (1495-1552), German geographer, mathematician and astronomer. Apian established his reputation by issuing a world map in 1520, and the publication, in 1524

Experiment showing that prismatic colours cannot be split further, 1747. From Mathematical Elements of Natural Philosophy confirm d by Experiment by Jean Theophilus Desaguliers

Isaac Newtons prism experiment showing how sunlight is split into its separate colours, 1747. English physicist and mathematician Newton (1642-1727)

Plate showing diagram of the optics of a reflecting telescope (Fig 29), 1704. English physicist and mathematician Isaac Newton (1642-1727)

Jean Bernoulli, Swiss mathematician, c1750
Jean Bernoulli, Swiss mathematician, 1762. A member of the Swiss family of mathematicians, Bernoulli (1667-1748) worked on analysis, calculus, celestial mechanics and mechanics

Jean Bernoulli, Swiss mathematician, 1762. A member of the Swiss family of mathematicians, Bernoulli (1667-1748) worked on analysis, calculus, celestial mechanics and mechanics

The Eleventh Key of Basil Valentine, legendary 15th century German monk and alchemist, 1651
The eleventh key of Basil Valentine, legendary 15th century German monk and alchemist, 1651. Symbolising multiplication, two lions represent sulphur consumed by mercury being transformed

Isaac Newtons house, St Martins Street, Leicester Square, London, c1850. English physicist and mathematician Sir Isaac Newtons (1642-1727)

Archimedes in his bath, 1547. Sixteenth-century hand-coloured woodcut of the Greek mathematician and inventor (c287-212 BC)

Charles Babbages Difference Engine No 1, prototype calculating machine, 1824-1832. Artist: Joseph Clement
Charles Babbages Difference Engine No 1, prototype calculating machine, 1824-1832. English mathematician Charles Babbage (1791-1871)

Pythagoras, Greek mathematician, 1508. Pythagoras (right) using a counting table, competes against Boethius (Boece) using algorithms for speed at calculation

William Thomson, Lord Kelvin in 1869 (c1890). Kelvin (1824-1907) Irish-born Scottish mathematician and physicist

Isaac Newton, English mathematician, astronomer and physicist. Newtons (1642-1727) discoveries were prolific and exerted a huge influence on science and thought

The murder of Hypatia, neo-Platonic mathematician and philosopher, 415 (mid 19th century). Hypatia (c370-415) was murdered by followers of Cyril, Christian Patriarch of Alexandria

Isaac Newton, English scientist and mathematician, (1666) 1874. Newton (1642-1727) using a prism to separate white light into the colours of the spectrum

Plate from Opticks, by Isaac Newton, showing the splitting of light through prisms, 1704. English physicist and mathematician Newton (1642-1727)

Nicolas Copernicus, Polish astronomer, 1802
Nicolas Copernicus, Polish astronomer, 1645. Copernicus (1473-1543) is considered to be the father of modern astronomy and founder of heliocentric cosmology

Newton Investigating Light, c1879. English scientist and mathematician Isaac Newtons (1642-1727) discoveries were prolific and exerted a huge influence on science and thought

Title page of Newtons Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica, 1687. English scientist and mathematician Isaac Newtons (1642-1727)

Christiaan Huygens, Dutch physicist, mathematician and astronomer, 1762. Huygens made important contributions in several scientific fields

Christiaan Huygens (1629-1695), Dutch physicist, mathematician and astronomer, c1870. Huygens made important contributions in several scientific fields

Bernard Forest Belidor (1693-c1761), French military and civil engineer, 1737. Frontispiece from his Architecture Hydraulique (Paris, 1737)

Bernard de Fontenelle, 1728-1729. Artist: Bernard Picart
Bernard de Fontenelle, 1728-1729. A print from Oeuvres Diverses, La Haye, Gosse & Neaulme, Volume I, 1728-1729. Found in the collection of Jean-Claude Carriere

Ptolemy (Claudius of Ptolemaeus), Alexandrian Greek astronomer and geographer, 1618. Ptolemy (fl150 AD) is shown wearing a crown as he was often confused with the Ptolemaic kings of Egypt

Hypatia (c370-415), mathematician and neo-Platonic philosopher, mid 19th century. She was murdered by followers of Cyril, Patriarch of Alexandria

Andre-Marie Ampere (1775-1836), French mathematician and physicist, 19th century. Ampere established the laws and principles which related magnetism and electricity to each other

Street sign, Rue Ampere, Paris, France. Andre-Marie Ampere (1775-1836), French mathematician and physicist, established the laws and principles which related magnetism and electricity to each other

Herbert Stanley Allen (1873-1954), English mathematician and physicist

John Couch Adams (1819-92), English astronomer and mathematician, c1846. In 1845, in an attempt to resolve discrepancies in the predicted orbit of Uranus

Pascals digital counting machine of 1642, 1751-1780
Blaise Pascals (1623-1664) digital counting machine (1642) showing (top) two of the train of number wheels which were viewed through windows in the casing of the machine

Hollerith tabulator, 1894
Hollerith tabulator which used a punched card memory system, 1894. First used in the US cenusus of 1890

George and Edward Scheutzs calculating machine. Based on Babbages difference engine, it was developed between 1837 and 1843. Purchased for Dudley Observatory, Albany, New York

Construction of the St Gotthard Tunnel beneath the Alps, 1880. The tunnel was built to link Italy and Switzerland by rail

Lord Kelvin, Scottish physicist and mathematician, 1897. Artist: Spy
Lord Kelvin, Scottish physicist and mathematician, 1897. Born William Thomson, Lord Kelvin (1824-1907) was educated at Glasgow and Cambridge

Louis Antoine de Bougainville, French soldier, navigator and mathematician, c1890. Bougainville (1729-1811) was elected a fellow of the Royal Society in 1756 while secretary to the French Embassy in

George Boole, English mathematician and logician, 1865
George Boole (1815-65). English mathematician and logician, 1865. Wood engraving

Bertrand Arthur William Russell (1872-1970), British philosopher and mathematician. Nobel prize for literature 1950

Pythagoras (560-480 BC), Greek philosopher and scientist, demonstrating mathematical relationships. Recognised mathematical relationship between length of vibrating string, column of air

Stephen William Hawking (b. 1942), British theoretical physicist
Stephen William (b.1942), British theoretical physicist. Mathematics of space-time curvature (black-holes) and Big Bang theory. Sufferer from Motorneurone disease

Babbages difference machine, 1864. Artist: Charles Babbage
Babbages difference machine. From Charles Babbage Passages from the Life of a Philosopher, London, 1864. Engraving

Christopher Wren, English architect, mathematician and physicist, 1833. Wren (1632-1723) is best remembered for his rebuilding of St Pauls Cathedral

Galileo Galilei, Italian astronomer and mathematician recanting, 1633 (1880). One of the greatest scientists of all time, Galileo Galilei (1564-1642)

Isaac Barrow (1630-1677), English mathematician and cleric. Barrow became Lucasian professor of mathematics at Cambridge 1663, a post from which he resigned in 1669 to make way for Isaac Newton

Robert Stawell Ball (1840-1913), Irish astronomer and mathematician, c1890. A populariser of science, Ball served as Lord Rosses astronomer at Parsonstown, in Ireland

Lord Kelvin, Irish-born Scottish mathematician and physicist, c1900. Born William Thomson, Lord Kelvin (1824-1907) was educated at Glasgow and Cambridge

John Dee, English Alchemist, Geographer and Mathematician, c1590 (18th century)
John Dee, English Alchemist, Geographer and Mathematician, c1590. Copperplate engraving, 18th century

Dizzys Arithmetic, 1865 Artist: John Tenniel
Dizzys Arithmetic, 1865. Pam remarks Now, then, Youngster, You ve No Call to be a Chalking that Wall; and if You Must do a Sum, You might as well do it Right

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